[2005年全国研究生入学考试英语一]2005年全国研究生入学考试英语押题试卷（一）3

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　　 Archaeology is a source of history, not just a humble auxiliary discipline. Archaeological data are historical documents in their own right, not mere illustrations to written texts. Just as much as any other historian, an archaeologist studies and tries to reconstitute the process that has created the human world in which we live -- and us ourselves in so far as we are each creatures of our age and social environment. Archaeological data are all changed in the material world resulting from human action or, more succinctly, the fossilized results of human behavior. The sum total of these constitutes what may be called the archaeological record. This record exhibits certain peculiarities and deficiencies the consequences of which produce a rather superficial contrast between archaeological history and the more familiar kind based upon written records.
　
　　 Not all human behavior fossilizes. The words I utter and you hear as vibrations in the air are certainly human changes in the material world any may be of great historical significance. Yet they leave no sort of trace in the archaeological records unless they are captured by a Dictaphone or written down by a clerk. The movement of troops on the battlefield may "change the course of history", but this is equally ephemeral from the archaeologist"s standpoint. What is perhaps worse is that most organic materials are perishable. Everything made of wood, hide, wool, linen, grass, hair, and similar materials will decay and vanish in dust in a few years or centuries, save under very exceptional conditions. In a relatively brief period the archaeological record is reduced to mere scraps of stone, bone, glass, metal, and earthenware. Still modern by a few lucky finds from peat bogs, deserts, and frozen soils, is able to fill up a good deal of the gap.
　　
　　31、According to the passage, the archaeological record consists of              .
　　
　　（本题分值：1分）
　　
　　「正确答案」a

　　 [a]spoken words of great historical significance

　　 [b]the fossilized results of human activity

　　 [c]organic materials

　　 [d]ephemeral ideas
　　
　　32、The word“they”in line 13 refers to           .
　　
　　（本题分值：1分）
　　
　　「正确答案」b

　　 [a]scraps[b]words[c]troops[d]humans
　　
　　33、Which of the following is not mentioned as an example of an organic material?
　　
　　（本题分值：1分）
　　
　　「正确答案」a

　　 [a]stone.[b]wool.[c]grass.[d]hair.
　　
　　34、The author mentions all of the following archaeological discovery sites except           .（本题分值：1分）
　　
　　「正确答案」a

　　 [a]urban areas

　　 [b]pet bogs

　　 [c]very hot and dry lands

　　 [d]earth that has been frozen
　　
　　35、The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses            .
　　
　　（本题分值：1分）
　　
　　「正确答案」c

　　 [a]techniques for recording oral histories

　　 [b]certain battlefield excavation methods

　　 [c]some specific archaeological discoveries

　　 [d]building materials of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries

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