2001年至2021年考研英语试卷_2001年考研英语试卷英汉翻译真题解析

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　　2001年英译汉试题

　　Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segmentssintosChinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)

 
　　In less than 30 years" time the Star Trek holodeck will be a reality. Direct links between the brain"s nervous system and a computer will also create full sensory virtual environments, allowing virtual vacations like those in the film Total Recall.

　　71) There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend. 72) Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell-television, and digital age will have arrived.

　　According to BT"s futurologist, Ian Pearson, these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium (a period of 1,000 years), when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life.

　　73) Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world, to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine, including an extended life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs comingsintosuse between now and 2040.

　　Pearson also predicts a breakthrough in computer-human links. By linking directly to our nervous system, computers could pick up what we feel and, hopefully, simulate feeling too so that we can start to develop full sensory environments, rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck, he says. 74) But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of manmachine integration: It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.

　　Through his research, Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted. However, there are still no forecasts for when faster-than-light travel will be available, or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible. But he does expect social problems as a result of technological advances. A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will, for example, cause problems in 2010, while the arrival of synthetic lifelike robots will mean people may not be able to distinguish between their human friends and the? 75) And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.

　　翻译题解：

　　71) There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.

　　句子分析：

　　第一、句子可以拆分为三段：There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, / and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them / when they offend.

　　第二、句子的结构是：

　　1)主干结构是带双主语的存在句：There will be television chat shows..., and cars...

　　2)两个主语都带有定语：第一个主语television chat shows的定语是过去分词短语hosted by robots，第二个主语cars的定语是介词短语with pollution monitors。

　　3)定语从句that will disable them修饰的先行词是pollution monitors，最后一个从句when they offend是定语从句中的状语从句。

　　第三、词的处理：

　　television chat shows hosted by robots  由机器人主持的电视谈话节目，重点词hosted  主持

　　cars with pollution monitors  装有污染监控器的汽车

　　disable them  使汽车失灵(停止运行)them和they指代汽车

　　offend  多义词(汽车)污染超标，违规

　　完整的译文：

　　71)届时，将出现由机器人主持的电视谈话节目以及装有污染监控器的汽车，一旦这些汽车排污超标(违规)，监控器就会使其停驶。

　　72) Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell- television, and digital age will have arrived.

　　句子分析：

　　第一、句子可以拆分为三段：Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, / computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, / relaxation will be in front of smell-television, and digital age will have arrived.

　　第二、句子的结构：

　　1)主干结构是几个并列的简单句：Children will play with dolls..., computers...will be regarded as..., relaxation will be in front of..., and digital age will have arrived.

　　2)dolls带有过去分词短语equipped with personality chips做定语，computers的后置定语是介词短语with inbuilt personalities，personalities等于personality chips，宾语workmates rather than tools是并列结构，表示选择。

　　第三、词的处理：

　　dolls equipped with personality chips  装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃

　　personality  个性，性格

　　computers with inbuilt personalities  个性内置的计算机

　　rather than  而不是

　　relaxation  休闲、放松、娱乐、消遣

　　smelltelevision  气味电视机

　　digital age  数字化时代

　　完整的译文：

　　72)儿童将与装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有个性内置的计算机将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具，人们将在气味电视机前休闲，届时数字化时代就来到了。

　　73) Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.

　　句子分析：

　　第一、句子可以拆分为三段：Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world, / to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates / when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.

　　第二、句子的结构是：

　　1)主句是简单句，to produce是结果状语。

　　2)calendar后面的that...是定语从句。

　　3)后面的when引导的也是定语从句，不是时间状语，译作的。

　　4)to take place作前面名词的定语。

　　第三、词的处理：

　　Pearson  皮尔森(人名音译)

　　pieced together  汇集；综合

　　around the world  世界各地，全世界

　　produce  编制

　　a unique millennium technology calendar  一个独特的技术千年历

　　the latest dates  最近日期

　　key breakthroughs  重大突破，关键性突破

　　完整的译文：

　　73)皮尔森汇集世界各地数百位研究人员的成果，编制了一个独特的技术千年历，它列出了人们有望看到数百项重大突破和发现的最迟日期。

　　74) But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of man-machine integration: It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.句子分析：

　　第一、句子可以拆分为三段：But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of man-machine integration: /It will be the beginning of the long process of integration / that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.

　　第二、句子的结构：

　　1)主干结构是that..., is only the start of...系表结构

　　2) beginning后面有多重定语：两个of短语和一个that will ultimately lead to定语从句。

　　3)Pearson points out插入语，翻译时放在句首。

　　4)在the long process of integration结构中，integration前省略了定语man-machine，翻译时要补出。

　　5)lead to a fully electronic human动词和宾语之间意思省略，翻译时要加词。

　　第三、词的处理：

　　that 代词作主语，指代上文前面“的”

　　a breakthrough  突破，一定要译出。

　　the start of manmachine integration  人机一体化的开始

　　lead to  引起出现，导致产生

　　a fully electronic human  完全电子化的仿真人，完全的电子人

　　before the end of the next century  在下世纪末之前

　　完整的译文：

　　74)皮尔森指出，这个突破仅仅是人机一体化的开始：它是人机一体化漫长之路的第一步，最终会使人们在下世纪末之前就研制出完全电子化的仿真人。

　　75) And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.

　　句子分析：

　　第一、句子可以拆分为三段：And home appliances will also become so smart / that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout / of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.

　　第二、句子主干结构是：so smart that...如此……以至于(从句)……

　　第三、词的处理：

　　home appliances  家用电器

　　smart  聪明，智能化

　　result in the breakout of  引发，导致，出现

　　psychological disorder  心理混乱(失调)

　　kitchen rage  厨房狂燥症，厨房愤怒，厨房生气

　　完整的译文：

　　75)家用电器将会变得如此智能化，以至于控制和操作它们会引发一种新的心理疾病--厨房狂燥症。

 

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