研究生入学考试自命题_研究生入学考试英语命题预测试卷(六)

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研究生入学考试英语命题预测试卷(六)
 
Section Ⅰ Use of English

Directions:
Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.( 10 points )
Human beings are animals. We breathe, eat and digest, and reproduce the same life 1 common to all animals. In a biological laboratory, rats, monkeys, and humans seem very much the same.

However, biological understanding is not enough:2 itself, it can never tell us what human beings are. 3 to our physical equipment—the naked human body—we are not an 4 animal. We are tropical creatures, 5 hairless and sensitive to cold. We are not fast and have neither claws nor sharp teeth to defend ourselves. We need a lot of food but have almost no physical equipment to help us get it. In the purely physical 6, our species seems a poor 7 for survival.

But we have survived—survived and multiplied and 8 the earth. Some day we will have a 9 living on the moon, a place with neither air nor water and with temperatures that turn gases into solids. How can we have done all these things? Part of the answer is physical. 10 its limitations, our physical equipment has some important 11. We have excellent vision and hands that can 12 objects with a precision unmatched by any other 13. Most importantly, we have a large brain with an almost 14 number of neural 15.

We have used this physical equipment to create culture, the key to our survival and success. If we live in the Arctic, we supply the warmth our tropical bodies need 16 clothing, shelter, and 17 heat. If a million people want to live in a desert that supplies natural food for only a few hundred, we find water to grow food and 18 deficits by transporting supplies from distant places. Inhabitants of our eventual moon colony will bring their own food and oxygen and then create an artificial earth environment to supply necessities. With culture, we can overcome our natural limitations.

It was not always 19. Our distant ancestors were just animals, faced with the limits of their physical equipment. They had no 20 and lacked the physical capacity to use it.

1Aprocesses Bacts Cmodes Dprocedures
2AOn BWith CFor DBy
3AStripped BPared CPeeled DRemoved
4Aintelligent Bimpressive Cinfluential Dincentive
5Abarely Bhardly Cnearly Dscarcely
6Ameaning Bjudgement Cperspective Dsense
7Abet Bchance Cfact Dluck
8Afilled Bloaded Cstuffed Dscattered
9Aresidence Bcolony Chome Dempire
10AApart from BWith regard to CWith the exception of DIn spite of
11Aabilities Bpotentials Ccapabilities Dpossibilities
12Amaneuver Bmanage Cmanipulate Dmanufacture
13Aanimal Banimals Ccreatures Dcreature
14Ainfinite Bunknown Cboundless Dceaseless
15Aconnections Brelations Cactivities Daccesses
16AforBto Cwith Dby
17Aartificial Bfake Cunreal Dunauthentic
18Aadd up Bbreak up Cmake up Dcut up
19Athis Bthus Chence Dthat
20AintellectBequipment Ccompetence Dculture Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions:

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1(40 points) Text 1

Legends about King Arthur have existed since the 6th century.Stories of the man and his doings have grown far beyond anything that could be regarded as factual history. Here are some of the highlights.

Arthur was born as a result of the wizardry of Merlin, who arranged all adulterous liaison between Arthur’s father,King Uther Pendragon,and his lover, a married duchess. Merlin agreed to do this only if the lovers allowed him to bring up the child born of the affair. When Uther Pendragon died some years later.there was confusion in the kingdom about who should inherit the throne. Merlin arranged a pageant where many knights came to try their luck at pulling a sword out of a stone. Whoever successfully extracted the blade was the rightful king. After many a brave knight had tried and failed,Merlin presented the young Arthur who, to everyone’s surprise, easily pulled out the sword.

As king,Arthur established the knightly fellowship of the Round table at his castle of Camelot, So appear all the other chivalrous knights associated with the king. The knights of the Round Table spent much of their time on the quest for the Holy Grail .The Grail is the cup used by Jesus at the Last Supper, which was allegedly brought to Britain,then somehow lost. It is notoriously hard to get hold of ,as finding it requires an almost superhuman degree of moral purity. At last it was the true gentleman Sir Galahad who eventually found it and set off to return it to its rightful place in the Holy Land.

Arthur’s death is a matter of some debate. According to legend, one of Arthur’s less intelligent moves was his decision to marry the Lady Guinevere, who fell in love with Sir Lancelot,and their adultery Led to war among the knights of the Round Table, culminating in the Battle of Camlan and Arthur’ s mortal word. After the Battle of Camlan the wounded king was taken to the mysterious isle of Avalon ruled by his sinister Morgan Le Faye. She ,being skilled in the arts of witchcraft and healing, was apparently meant to cure him. But evidently Arthur thought he had little chance, because he gave his sword, Excalibur, to Sir Bedivere to return to the Lady of the Lake,an enigmatic character from whom Arthur had originally received the blade.Bedivere hurled the sword over the water,where a spooky hand appeared from the lake to catch it,waved it around for a while and then carried it down to the murky depths where,who knows, perhaps it still lies. As for Arthur, we can only conclude that his sister wasn’t such a good doctor.

21.The passage is mainly about
A. a brief history of King Arthur.
B. the story of the Round Table Knights.
C. a legendary life of King Arthur.
D. the death of King Arthur.

22. Arthur became the king because
A.he was the old king’s only son.
B.he was supported by many brave knights.
C.he was the strongest man in the kingdom.
D.he pulled the sword from the stone.

23. found the Holy Grail and returned it to the Holy Land.
A.King Arthur B .The most morally respectable knight
C.Sir Lancelot D .The Round Table knights

24. Arthur’s sword, Excalibur, was returned to
A.his queen.
B. the person who gave it to him.
C. Merlin,his adopted father.
D. his sister.

25.Arthur died because
A. his sister couldn’t heal his mortal wound.
B. his sister refused to cure him.
C.he didn’t want to live any longer.
D.he lost his Excalibur.

Text 2

In another sign that Hispanics will dominate California’s future, a university study has found the ethnic group accounted for nearly half of all births in the state by the end of the last decade.Hispanic mothers had 247,796 of the 521,265 children born in California in 1998, or 47.5 percent, according to the University of California, Los Angeles study released in December 2001. NonHispanic Whites had 33.9 percent, followed by Asians and Pacific Islanders with 10.7 percent. Blacks represented 6.8 percent of births and American Indians a halfpercent of all births. California’s future economic health depends upon those Hispanics, who soon will be the majority of young adults and hence the working force, says David HayesBautista, director of the Center for the Study of Latino Health and Culture at UCLA.

The study, based on state health department statistics, confirms the ethnic shift that made 2001 the year California officially lost its White majority. The U.S. Census showed that Hispanics made up nearly a third while nonHispanic Whites slipped to less than half of the state’s total population of 33.9 million. California’s experience is part of a “sea change” in the United States, where 23 states already have Hispanics as their largest ethnic minority. Dr. Harry Pachon says, “Hispanics are becoming more prominent in everything from movies to politics, and that is good for the state. If there was no penetration of social and political institutions, then you would have an isolated minority and that’s a recipe for social unrest. On the other hand, by the third generation one of every two Hispanics have married outside of their ethnic group. There’s a Latinization of America but there’s also an Americanization of Latinos. By third generation, a lot of them are losing their Spanish, they prefer American NFL to soccer.”

Overall, nearly 65 percent of all Hispanic mothers were immigrants, ranking them second to Asian and Pacific Islanders at more than 84 percent. The babies tend to grow up healthy as well. Studies have shown that at virtually all stages of life, Hispanics, at least in California, Arizona and Texas, tended to suffer fewer major health problems, such as heart attacks, cancer and strokes, than other ethnic groups, Hayes Bautista noted. Only about 15 percent of Hispanic mothers were 19 years old or younger. By comparison nearly 17 percent of Blacks and 19 percent of American Indians were teen agers. NonHispanic Whites had a figure of nearly 7 percent.

26. Hispanic mothers had of the babies born in California in 1998.
A. 50% B. 47.5% C. 33.9% D. 10.7%

27. David Hayes Bautista believes that .
A. Hispanics will become the backbone of future Californian economy
B. the white culture will dominate California’s future
C. the state government should keep control on the population growth
D. the population distribution should be somehow rearranged

28. According to the text,we can infer thatoccupies the largest percentage of the population.
A. Hispanics B. nonHispantc whites
C. Blacks D. American Indians

29. Which of the following statements is Dr. Harry Pachon most likely to agree with?
A. It’s good that Hispanics are more involved in politics.
B. Social unrest is more likely to occur when one ethnic group becomes overpowering.
C. Hispanics are more likely to marry within their own ethnic group.
D. Latinization of America is taking place faster than the Americanization of Latinos.

30. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. The percentage of immigrant Hispanic mothers is the highest among all ethnic groups.
B. Hispanic babies all over the United States are typically healthier than other babies.
C. NonHispanic White mothers are the least likely to be teenagers.
D. Nearly 19 percent of Blacks were teenagers.

Text 3

To produce the upheaval in the United States that changed and modernized the domain of higher education from the mid1860’s to the mid1800’s, three primary causes interacted. The emergence of a half dozen leaders in education provided the personal force that was needed.

Moreover, an outcry for a fresher, more practical, and more advanced kind of instruction arose among the alumni and friends of nearly all of the old colleges and grew into a movement that overrode all conservative opposition. The aggressive “Young Yale” movement appeared, demanding partial alumni control, a more liberal spirit, and a broader course of study.The graduates of Harvard College simultaneously rallied to relieve the college’s poverty and demand new enterprise. Education was pushing toward higher standards in the East by throwing off church leadership everywhere, and in the West by finding a wider range of studies and a new sense of public duty.

The oldstyle classical education received its most crushing blow in the citadel of Harvard College, where Dr. Charles Eliot, a young captain of thirtyfive, son of a former treasure of Harvard, led the progressive forces. Five revolutionary advances were made during the first years of Dr. Eliot’s administration. They were the elevation and amplification of entrance requirements, the enlargement of the curriculum and the development of the elective system, the recognition of graduate study in the liberal arts, the raising of professional training in law, medicine, and the fostering of greater maturity in student life. Standards of admission were sharply advanced in 1872~1873 and 1876~1877. By the appointment of a dean to take charge of student affairs, and a wise handling of discipline, the undergraduates were led to regard themselves more as young gentlemen and less as young animals. One new course of study after another was opened up: science, music, the history of the fine arts, advanced Spanish, political economy, physics, classical philology, and international law.

31.Which of the following is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?
A.To present the history of Harvard College and compare it with that of Yale University.
B.To criticize the conditions of the U.S. universities in the 19th century.
C.To describe innovations in the U.S. higher education in the latter 1800’s.
D.To introduce what was happening in major U. S. universities before the turn of the century.

32.According to the passage, the educational changes were the result of
A.plans developed by conservative and church leaders.
B.efforts of interested individuals to redefine the educational system.
C.the demands of social organization seeking financial relief.
D.rallies held by westerners wanting to compete with eastern schools.

33.Before the change, Harvard
A.was short of financial aid.
B.offered a narrower range of subjects.
C.was not strict with its students.
D.all of the above.

34.From the passage, which of the following can be inferred about Harvard College before progressive changes occurred?
A.Admission standards were lower.
B.Students were younger.
C.Classes ended earlier.
D.Courses were more practical.

35.Which of the following is NOT included in Dr. Eliot’s reform program?
A.Diversification of the courses offered.
B.Elevation of the admissions standards.
C.Enlargement of the enrollment.
D.Enforced professional training in some field. Text 4

The ocean bottoma region nearly 2.5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth— is a vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and uncharted. Until about a century ago, the deepocean floor was completely inaccessible, hidden beneath waters averaging over 3,600 meters deep. Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface, the deepocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.

Although researchers have taken samples of deepocean rocks and sediments for over a century, the first detailed global investigation of the ocean bottom did not actually start until 1969, with the beginning of the National Science Foundation’s Deep Sea Drilling Project(DSDP). Using techniques first developed for the offshore oil and gas industry, the DSDP’ s drill ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean’s surface and drill in very deep waters, extracting samples of sediments and rock from the ocean floor. The Glomar Challenger completed 96 voyages in a 15year research program that ended in November 1983. During this time, the vessel logged 600,000 kilometers and took almost 20,000 core samples of seabed sediments and rocks at 624 drilling sites around the world. The Glomar Challenger’s core samples have allowed geologists to reconstruct what the planet looked like hundreds of millions of years ago and to calculate what it will probably look like millions of years in the future. Today, largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challenger’ voyages, nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift that explain many of the geological processes that shape the Earth.

The cores of sediment drilled by the Glomar Challenger have also yielded information critical to understanding the world’s past climates. Deepocean sediments provide a climatic record stretching back hundreds of millions of years, because they are largely isolated from the mechanical erosion and the intense chemical and biological activity that rapidly destroy much landbased evidence of past climates. This record has already provided insights into the patterns and causes of past climatic change…information that may be used to predict future climates.

36.The author refers to the ocean bottom as a “frontier”in line 2 because it .
A. is not a popular area for scientific research
B. contains a wide variety of life forms
C. attracts courageous explorers
D. is an unknown territory

37.The author mentions outer space because .
A. the Earth’s climate millions of years ago was similar to conditions in outer space
B. it is similar to the ocean floor in being alien to the human environment
C. rock formations in outer space are similar to those found on the ocean floor
D. techniques used by scientists to explore outer space were similar to those used in ocean exploration

38.Which of the following is true of the Clomar Challenger?
A. It is a type of submarine.
B. It is an ongoing project.
C. It has gone on over 100 voyages.
D. It made its first DSDP voyage in 1968.

39.The DSDP was significant because it was.
A. an attempt to find new sources of oil and gas
B. the first extensive exploration of the ocean bottom
C. composed of geologists from all over the world
D. funded entirely by the gas and oil industry

40.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as being a result of the Deep sea Drilling Project?
A. Geologists were able to determine the Earth’s appearance hundreds of millions of years ago.
B. Two geological theories became more widely accepted by scientists.
C. Information was revealed about the Earth’s past climatic changes.
D. Geologists observed forms of marine life never before seen. Part B

Directions:

In the following article,some sentences have been removed.For Questions 41—45,choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank.There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the gaps.

At Columbia University, where I taught economics for many years before coming to China, most of my students spent a great deal of time in volunteer work. They taught poor children in the local neighborhoods, they visited the elderly in hospitals and at home and helped them with their shopping, they worked to preserve historic sites and places of beauty, they cleaned up waste dumps, they prepared food for the hungry, they created and ran student newspapers, they organized concerts and artistic events, they acted as translators for migrant workers, they formed political pressure groups, they raised money to combat AIDS, malaria, and other diseases, and so on.

As part of that tradition I do volunteer work here in Beijing, just as I did in New York, but I find that my students at Tsinghua University and at other schools in Beijing are much less involved in volunteering then I had expected. In part, of course, this reflects the heavier workload in Chinese schools, which leaves less time for outside activities. But I think there is more to it than just this. I think it also reflects a very different system, in which volunteer work for students here is usually organized or sponsored by government, schools, or other official groups, rather than by the students themselves. 41）________.

This is unfortunate. I think it would be better both for them and for society if Chinese students took the initiative to decide what kinds of problems or issues they felt to be of importance, and then played a more active role in organizing the work. 42）___________.

But there are at least two other important reasons for doing volunteer work. The first is that you can learn a lot about yourself and about your abilities by organizing, taking on responsibilities, deciding on objectives, and fulfilling them. 43)____________________.

This is an important lesson. Many of my students here work very hard, but their attitude towards their work is not always a healthy one. They do the work not because they love it or feel that it is exciting but rather because it is expected of them, and they will get rewarded (or at least not punished) if they do it. With charitable work there is no explicit reward. You work because you have goals, and in the end the only judge of your work is yourself. 44)_______________________________________________.It also forces you to think about what you are doing and the best way to accomplish your objectives. You are no longer simply doing something because your teacher or your boss told you to do it.

The second important reason for charitable work is that it changes your relationship with your society. Sometimes I feel that many of the people I meet here don’t really appreciate the greatness of China and the excitement of the process through which it is currently living. The Chinese are wellknown for being nationalistic, but sometimes I think this nationalism has more to do with distrust of foreigners than with love of country. Many of my friends and students simply do not know very much about their own country, and often seem unhappy with or embarrassed by certain aspects of China.

45)_________________________________________. For example, if you help the children of migrant workers with their education, you will quickly realize that poor migrant workers should not be seen as an embarrassment to Beijing. On the contrary, they are a great strength, and their stories are part of a huge and dramatic experiment that China is undergoing. In a small way by working with migrant children you can help make the experiment a success. ［A］I think that if they had spent more time engaged in activities outside of school and family such as doing volunteer work, they would feel very differently.

［B］This changes the way you think about work and about your responsibilities to yourself and others.

［C］You will realize how future events can have just as big an impact on your life and those of your friends and family.

［D］This means that many students here in Beijing think of volunteering as something that must be done to please teachers, bosses, or other figures of authority, rather than because of a desire to address a problem about which they have thought very deeply

［E］When you work closely with others who are less fortunate than you, or when you set a local goal and work to accomplish it, you see directly how your actions can affect the world around you.

［F］If you are interested in volunteer work you don’t have to wait for your school, your teachers, or officials on television to tell you what to do.

［G］There are many reasons why this would be good. The most obvious reason, of course, is that we all have obligations towards our society, and volunteer work is one way of repaying this obligation.

Part C

Directions:

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points) So precious to us is “home” that,like other precious things,the word is constantly subject to the corruption of commercial misuse.One does well to fear a restaurant that boasts of “home cooking”, and if ever there was a home that one felt reluctant to enter because it was so utterly unhomelike it is a funeral home.46)Nevertheless,we have to guard against our own suggestibility:making “home” stand for so much that is good in life turns it into a goal that thousands of manufacturers of domestic appliances are eager to exploit. In advertising terms,“home” equals “buy”. If we Americans are tireless selfimprovers,we are also tireless consumers,readily tempted to suppose that if only we buy the right garden hose,the right vacuum cleaner,the right automatic overhead garagedoor opener we will surely have created home,sweet home. 47)The socalled shelter magazines woo us with the idea of shelter not so much for ourselves as for the possessions that we are encouraged to share habitable space with.48)Nowadays,architects provide in their plans for new houses what they call a “family room”, but the family itself is often hardpressed to defend its territorial rights against the intrusion of objects that it has found itself unable to resist. The willingness to become a couch potato may deepen upon finding an area big enough to contain a couch,especially as TV sets approach the size of Steinways and even the once modestly scaled telephone is replaced by a combined telephone,message keeper,intercom,computer printer,and fax machine.A typical ad will show a family in the family room winsomely going gaga over some new toy that the advertiser claims is indispensable to bliss. 49)But the toy might be a chemical spray that will remove wine stains from carpets at a single swipe,or a burglaralarm system whose sensors can detect the motions of a mouse in labor.

But wait.Acquiring so many visible symbols of domestic contentment can be hazardous.To our dismay,we soon discover how close a house we own can come to owning us.Emerson said,“Things are in the saddle,and ride mankind,” and in roughly the same fashion the things that fill a house from cellar to attic can tyrannize its occupants.50)We are enslaved not only in respect to mortgages,property taxes,and utility charges but also in respect to the innumerable tyrantthings that have it in them to break,or break down,or get lost,or lose their lustre,or grow too greatly cherished. Section Ⅲ Writing

Part A

51.Directions:

You are a senior majored in Sociology, and writing to a university abroad to inquire admission abroad. The letter should include:

1)your purpose of writing the letter

2)your study experience and major advantages

3)ask about basic information of the professors concerning sociology and something about scholarship.

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your name at the end of the letter. Use "Jane Green" instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)

Part B

52.Directions:

(1)Title:Challenge
(2)Your composition should be based on the Outlines below.

Outlines：

(1)Everyone meets with challenges now and then.
(2)Different men treat challenges differently.
(3)How I think we should treat challenges.

Section Ⅰ Use of English

1Aprocesses
life processes 意为“生命历程”。modes 指“方式，方法”；procedure 指“程序，手续，常规”。
2DBy
By itself为固定用法，意思是“独自地，单独地”。
3AStripped
A项strip “脱去，剥去”。B项pare “削去；修剪，(逐步)削除”。C项peel “去(皮或壳等)”。D项remove “移动”。
4Bimpressive
这句话的意思是“当人类处于赤裸状态时，看起来比别的动物并不优越多少，给人的印象并不深刻”。intelligent “聪明的，有智力的”；influential “有影响力的”；incentive “刺激的，诱发的”；均不符合题意。
5Cnearly
nearly 表示“几乎，将近”；barely, scarcely, hardly 表示“简直没有，几乎不”。 6Dsense
in…sense 为固定用法，意思是“从某种意义上说”。例如：in the literal/strict sense 就字面/精确的意义而言。
7Abet
bet意义是“打赌”，暗指不确定的事物。
这句话的意思是“如果仅从肉体的意义上看，人类很难生存下来”。
8Afilled
A项fill “注满，用……装满”。B项load “装载；大量供给”。C项stuff “塞入，塞满”。D项scatter “分散，散开”。
fill the earth 指“遍布地球”；强调分布范围之广。
9Bcolony
从下文中可找到提示：“Inhabitants of our eventual moon colony will bring their own food…”
10DIn spite of
apart from、 with the exception of 的意思是“除……之外”。
with regard to “关于”；in spite of “尽管”。
根据题意，应选择表示让步关系的in spite of。
11Bpotentials
这句话的意思是“虽然我们的肉体有很多局限性，但它也有一些重要的潜力”。
ability(能力)、capability(能力；才能)、possibility(可能性，概率)均不符合题意。
12Cmanipulate
A项maneuver “调遣，用计策”。B项manage “处理，管理”。C项manipulate “手工操纵”。D项manufacture “机器制造”。
13Aanimal
any other 后应接可数名词的单数。如：He is taller than any other boy。
14Ainfinite
infinite 无穷的，无法计量的。
15Aconnections
neural connections 指“神经细胞间的连结，联系”。
relation 指“具体关系”，如：family relations 家庭关系。
activities(活动)，access(通路进入)显然不合题意，所以正确答案为A项。
16D.by
by表示方式，方法。
supply通常用在“supply sb. with sth., supply sth. for sb.” 表达法中。
17Aartificial
A项artificial 人工的，非天然的；虚伪的。B项fake 假的，伪造的。C项unreal 不真实的。D项unauthentic 无根据的，不确实的。
18Cmake up
make up deficits的意思是“弥补不足”。
19Bthus
thus在这里作副词，意思是“这样”，相当于so。
20Dculture
前文曾多次提到culture，如第四段第一句“We have used this physical equipment to create culture…”，第四段最后一句“With culture, we can overcome our natural limitations.”

Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Text 1 词语注释
highlight n. 最精彩的场面，最后重要的部分
liaison n. 私通；（尤指军队中的）联络；［语］连音
duchess n. 公爵夫人，女公爵；容貌威严的妻子
knight n. （欧州中世纪）骑马；武士；爵士
chivalrous a. 勇武的；有骑士气概的
culminate vi. 达到顶点 vt. 使达到顶点

文章概要
本文主要介绍了传说中的King Arthur一生中几个重要事情，来描述他传奇的一生。
Para.1：King Arthur的传奇故事流传甚远。
Paras.2-4：分三段描述了有关King Arthur 三个事件：石里拔剑继承王位，找到the Holy Grail彰显品性正派，死亡传奇的背后。

 答案点评
21.C通读全文，可知这篇文章简要介绍了传说中的King Arthur 的一生，而不是历史。选项C中的legendary life 即传奇的一生。选项A “阿瑟王简史”，B项“圆桌骑士的故事”，D项“阿瑟王之死”都不能概括整个篇章的内容。

22.D第二段说到了Arthur 继承王位的过程，他是众人中惟一能将剑从石头里拔出来的人，因此D是正确答案。选项A说因为“阿瑟是老国王惟一的儿子”，而故事中说明阿瑟是国王的私生子，一直由Merlin 抚养，因此这不是理由；选项B“因为他得到许多勇敢骑士的支持”，这是在他成为阿瑟王之后；选项C说“他是王国中最强壮的人”，也未必正确，因为文中暗示Merlin 设计了这次从石里拔剑的竞赛，故意让阿瑟赢的。

23.B第三段说只有具有“an almost superhuman degree of moral purity”（品德纯良几乎是超人程度）的人，也就是在品性上最正派（morally respectable）的人，才能找到the Holy Grail,文中是那位真正的绅士（the true gentleman）Sir Galahad 找到的。选项A的阿瑟王，选项C的Sir Lancelot (王后的情人)都不是。选项D的圆桌骑士用的是复数，指的是他们全体，所以也不对。

24.B最后一段可以看出，Arthur把他的神剑还给了当初把剑送与他的the Lady of the Lake, 不是选项A中的他的王后，也不是选项C中的他的养父Merlin，更不是D中的他的妹妹。

25.A文章最后一句说“我们只能总结说他的妹妹不是一个好医生”，由此可以判断Arthur的妹妹没能治好他的致命伤，而不像选项B所说他的妹妹拒绝给他治伤，也不像C所说不想再活了，更不是选项D说的因为他失去了自己的神剑。

Text 2 词语注释
Hispanic 西班牙裔的（人）statistics 统计数据
confirm 证实，确证sea change 巨大的变化(该用法来自莎士比亚)
prominent 卓越的,显著的,突出的penetration 渗透
immigrant 移民stroke 中风

文章概要
本文主要讲述了目前在美国的西班牙裔人的人口情况。
Para.1：研究报告表明西班牙裔人将会主导加利福尼亚的将来。
Para.2：研究表明西班牙裔人在2001 年将会正式超过非西班牙裔的白人，而成为加利福尼亚的主要民族。
Para.3：简单介绍西班牙裔母亲的情况。

答案点评
26.B文章第一段提供的数字为，“Hispanic mothers had 247,796 of the 521,265 children born in California in 1998, or 47.5 percent, according to the University of California, Los Angeles study released.”1998年一年，加利福尼亚州西班牙裔的母亲生育的儿童占全州新生儿的47.5%。

27.A文章第一段末尾说，“California’s future economic health depends upon those Hispanics, who soon will be the majority of young adults and hence the working force, says David HayesBautista, director of the Center for the Study of Latino Health and Culture at UCLA.”加州洛杉矶大学的拉丁裔健康和文化研究中心的主任David HayesBautista认为，加利福尼亚未来的经济就要靠这些拉丁裔的青年。

28.B本文主要讲述了在加州，西班牙裔少数民族人数大大增加，但虽说如此，西班牙裔人口数量还是没有白人的多，文中第二段第二句：The U.S.Census showed that Hispanics made up nearly a third while nonHispanic whites shipped to less than half of the state’s total population,因此正确选项为B。

29.ADr. Harry Pachon认为，西班牙裔的人口在社会各个领域逐渐活跃起来，这对加州来说，是一件好事情。（Hispanics are becoming more prominent in everything from movies to politics, and that is good for the state.） 如果某个少数民族群体在社会和政治机构中缺乏代言人，那么很容易导致社会的动荡。（If there was no penetration of social and political institutions, then you would have an isolated minority and that’s a recipe for social unrest.）

30.C根据文章最后一段提供的数字（Only about 15 percent of Hispanic mothers were 19 years old or younger. By comparison nearly 17 percent of Blacks and 19 percent of American Indians were teenagers. NonHispanic Whites had a figure of nearly 7 percent.）可以看出，非西班牙裔的白人产妇只有7%是十几岁的少女，该比例和西班牙裔、非洲裔相比是最低的。
Text 3 词语注释
upheaval n. 胀起，鼓起；举起；激变，剧变；动乱
rally vt. （重新）集合，重整（溃败的军队）；召集；团结 vi. 集合，重整；团结
citadel n. 城堡；堡垒，要塞 ；避难所

文章概要
本文主要谈了促成19世纪60年代至80年代的高等教育改革的三个主要因素以及在几个方面的改革措施。
Para.1：改革的三个主要因素：
①教育界出现主导领袖；
②要求更新、更实际、更先进的教学模式的呼声；
③摆脱教会的控制。

Para.2：改革包括：
①提高加大入学标准的力度；
②扩充教纲并增设选修制；
③承认文科研究生学历；
④提高法律、医学的职业培训标准；
⑤培养学生更高的修养水平。

 答案点评
31.C本文主要谈了促成19世纪60年代至80年代的高等教育（higher education）改革的三个主要因素（第一段）以及几个方面的改革（第二段）。
32.B原文第一段指出，三种力量促成了美国高等教育的改革：（1）教育界出现了几位领袖（leaders）；（2）耶鲁及哈佛大学校友及朋友等要求更新、更实际、更先进的（advanced）教学模式；（3）摆脱教会的控制（church leadership）。
33.B从哈佛大学改革的五项主要内容来看，改革前课程开设的数量及类别都有限，因此，改革要求：扩充课程设置（enlargement of the curriculum），建立选修制（elective system），增设职业培训（professional training）等。参考第二段第三句，另见第二段最后一句。A项意为：“资金短缺”。原文第一段第五句中所说的“贫穷”(poverty)并非指没有钱，而是指生源、课程等方面的贫乏，因此，需要开辟新的领域（new enterprise）。C项不对。文章第二段第五句是说纪律问题处理不得法，不利于学生自尊心或自信心的培养，并非是说过去对学生要求不严。
34.A在哈佛大学的五项改革内容中，提高（elevation）招生标准和扩大（amplification）招生人数都列在了首位。参考第二段第三句。C项和D项都不对。第二段第四句提到增设法律、医学方面的职业培训，这并非指未开设法律课程，而是强调要培养学以致用的人才，以满足社会需要。
35.C第二段提到的五项改革包括：提高和加大入学要求的力度，扩充教学大纲并增设选修制，承认文科研究生学历，提高法律、医学的职业培训标准，培养学生更高的修养水平。可见，惟独C项是没有提到的。 Text 4 词语注释
uncharted a. 图上没有标明的；未知的
void a. 无效的；空虚的
sediment n. 沉淀物，冲积物 v. 使沉积；使成沉积物
tectonics n. 构造学；筑造学；构造术；结构地质学
climatic a. 气候（上）的
mechanical a. 机械的；机械学的；力学的
erosion n. 侵蚀；腐蚀；冲蚀 文章概要

本文主要介绍海底勘探及海底沉淀物对科学研究地理及气候的极为重要的帮助。
Para.1：海底由于无光线、压力大在人类活动及认识领域中是一片空白。
Paras.2-3：DSDP计划的启动为人们对海底地质的认识及研究提供了条件。
Para.4：全球海洋勘探取出的海底沉淀物为研究大陆块形成原因及气候变化提供了重要的线索和证据。

答案点评

36.D“frontier”意为“边疆”，“未开拓的地区”。大洋底部对人类来说是一片未知的领地，因此被称为“frontier”。A不对。B本身正确，但并不构成被称为frontier的原因。C的迷惑性较强，但结合课文，这并不构成根本原因，而是说洋底是一种未开拓地区的表现，所以选D最好。
37.B答案见文中“the deepocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.” 可见，它们都是人类所不易了解的环境。
38.DClomar Challenger 是一条drill ship, 不是submarine, 也不是project。它完成了96次航行，没有100次。因此A、B、C 均错误。答案D可由DSDP项目开始于1968年推知。
39.BC、D并未在文中被提到。A错误，这个项目只是使用了海上钻井技术，而并不是为了寻找石油和天然气。B是正确的，文章称DSDP是“the first detailed global investigation of the ocean bottom”。
40.D文章从未提到过marine life ， 而是在讨论海底地质情况。
 Part B 答案解析
41．D上文提到中国志愿工作的不同体制，即学生志愿工作不是由学生自己，而是由政府、学校或其它官方团体组织，而D是对此的承接，是由上文引出的结果。即学生们做志愿工作是为了取悦老师、老板或其他官方人士。
42．G由下文提及另两个重要原因可知，此外应提到积极参加志愿工作的首要的原因，G正符合。
43．E上文提到两个重要原因中的第一个，即你能通过组织志愿活动更进一步了解自己的能力，空白处应与此内容一致，E项产的正是你可以在志愿活动中看到自己的行动能够对周围世界产生影响。
44．B上文讲的是人对工作的态度问题，指出慈善工作的特点是没有明确收益，自己设定目标并作为评判者。B项说这会改变你对工作和对自身与他人负责任的看法，正符合上文的逻辑。
45．A空白处是本段的统领句，从下文所举的例子看，此处恰当的是A，即更多参与校外及家庭外的活动会使他们有非常不同的感受。本题考察的是归纳中心意思的能力。

文章大意：本文讲的是学生志愿活动。中国的志愿者工作尚存在一些问题，作者对此提出一些建议，并解释了开展和参与志愿活动对学生的好处。

Part C 参考译文

46.然而，我们须对自己的联想能力保持警惕：如果让“家”这个词指代生活中太多美好的东西的话，它就会变成成千上万个家电生产商急于利用的目标。
47.那些所谓的家居杂志用“家居”这一理念赢得我们的欢心，使我们相信，“家居”不仅仅是为我们自己，更多的是为我们受其鼓励而购买的家居用品。
48.现在，建筑师已在他们设计的新一代房屋中添加了他们称之为“家庭室”的一部分，但是家庭成员自己却备受挤压，必须抵抗那些由于自己难以抗拒而购买的物品对空间的入侵，保卫自己的“领土主权”。
49.那玩意可能是个化学喷雾器，喷一下就能消除地毯上的酒渍；或者是个防盗系统，其传感器可以捕捉到正在分娩的老鼠的动静。
50.我们不仅成了抵押贷款、财产税及水电煤气费的奴隶，也成了类似“暴君”、有无数特权的东西的奴隶——它们有权破损或破碎，有权丢失，有权失去光泽，有权集百般宠爱于一身。

Section Ⅲ Writing 参考作文 51.

Dear Sir,

I am writing to request admission into the Department of Sociology at your university for the fall semester of 2004.

I am a senior in the Department of Sociology at Peking University, and would be graduated in July. I did many researches on various sociological topics and had some of my research papers printed in professional magazines at home. As for my character, always being optimistic and energetic is my distinguish feature.

Would you please send me the name list of professors at your department and some detailed information of scholarship in the department by the way . I will be very much appreciated.

Yours respectfully,

Jane Green

Tuesday, 4PM 52.

Challenge

Everyone meets with all kinds of challenges throughout ones life.What are some challenges? A difficult mathematical problem may be one,a job with a deadline may be one,and your girlfriends demands may be one.In fact anything you have to do that is difficult to achieve is a challenge.Some of them are really difficult for you to achieve,however,some others are difficult only because you just don"t like to do it.

Different men treat challenges in different ways.Some just lay them aside,others just easily evade meeting anywhile, yet more others who are brave enough will directly face challenges.They take it as a pleasure to accept a challenge and feel it an honor to achieve a victory.While the coward just takes challenges as puzzles disturbing their monotonous lives.

I admire the men who dare directly face challenges.It is they who change the world, and push the world forward.I believe that life is made up of all kinds of challenges.Life is just made up of offering challenges and accepting challenges.To achieve victories is to embody the value of humans.To challenge yourself is to prepare yourself for the challenges of the world.
 
 

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