【高考英语必背词汇】2008高考英语必会词汇精讲系列-C

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c

1、can, be able to

这两个词都可以表示“能够”。can通常用来表示现在的一般能力。如：look, i can do it.嗨，我会做这事啦。而当表示将来能力时，一般要用will be able to。此外，be able to 还表示要经过一番努力才能做到的事。如：if i concentrate on the work, i"ll be able to work out the problem.如果我集中思想于工作的话，我就可以想出这个问题的解决方法。i"ll be able to speak french in another few months.再过几个月我就可以说法语了。

2、call on, visit

call on：“拜访”，为社交用语，强调较正式的访问。如：i hope to call on you at your office at three o"clock today.我希望今天下午三点钟到办公室去拜访你。

visit：“访问，参观”，指为一定目的去访问某人或参观某地。如：professor li is often visited by his students.学生们常去看望李教授。

注意：call at与call on都可以作“访问”解，但call at后接地点；call on后接人。如：i called at the bank and drew some money today.今天我去银行取了些钱。

3、centre, middle

centre“中心”，指圆和球体的中心点并可用作比喻，指事物或活动中心。如；he placed the flowers in the centre of the table.他把花放在桌子的中央。at the centre of the park there is a monument in memory of the hero.在公园的中央有一个英雄纪念碑。london is the political, economical and cultural centre of britain.伦敦是英国政治，经济和文化中心。

middle：“中间”，指空间或时间意义上与两端等距离的中间部分。如：he telephoned me in the middle of the night.他半夜给我打来电话。soon they were in the middle of the river.不久他们来到河中央。

4、chance, opportunity

chance表示“机会；可能性（强调偶然性）”，如：if we can swim, the chances are that we can save our lives.如果我们会游泳的话，我们就有可能得救。harold has lost a lot of money so he wants to take a chance on stock exchange.海洛得丢了很多钱，因此他想在股票上碰一碰运气。

而opportunity表示机遇（强调好时机），既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词。如：this has been my only opportunity to practise speaking english.这一直是我练习英语口语的唯一机会。i am very glad to have had the opportunity to talk to you.我很高兴能有机会与你交谈。

5、certain, sure

certain表示“有把握的，确信的”，语气较强，主语可以是人也可以是物，表示有充分的信心。有时也有“某些”的含义。如：it is certain that the temperature will rise.气温一定会上升。he is certain to come.他一定会来。

sure“确信的，无疑的”，作此义解时，主语常为人而不是物。如：he is sure to succeed.他一定会成功。注意：certain和sure在接不定式和of短语时意思上有差别。试比较：they are certain/sure to succeed.他们一定会成功。they are certain/sure of success.他们有成功的把握。第一例用不定式表示说话人对某事的推断，有“一定，必然”的含义；第二例用of短语表示主语本人的信念，有“确信，对...有把握”的含义。再如：the strike is certain/sure to take place.罢工必然会发生。they are certain/sure of victory.他们确信会获得胜利。

6、care about, care for

这是两个动介型短语动词，后接名词或代词作其宾语。在表示“为...担忧”的意思时，两者可交换使用。

care about主要用来表示“对...感兴趣；关心；在乎”的意思。如：i don"t much care about going.我并不很想去。i don"t care about what people think.我不在乎人们怎么认为。

care for则主要用来表示“喜欢，对...中意”和“照顾”等意思。如：she doesn"t seem to care for him.她好像不喜欢他。small children are well cared for in nurseries when their parents are working.当父母在工作时，孩子们在托儿所里受到良好的照顾。

7、carry on, carry out

carry on意为“进行，继续”，强调一个行为的进行过程。它可以不跟宾语，也可接表示“工作，讨论，竞赛，战斗”等一类的名词作宾语，相当于continue。它另可作“经营”解，相当于manage。如：don"t let me interrupt you, just carry on.别让我打断你，请继续。i"ll try to carry on the work in spite of difficulties.尽管有困难，但我还是会继续这项工作。rising costs make it hard to carry on the business.成本上升给生意经营带来了困难。

carry out意为“进行，贯彻，实现”，含有按照某个要求或准则进行的意思。它必须接宾语，且宾语往往是表示“工作，活动，职责，命令，计划”等一类的名词。此词语相当于put into practice。如：i have some difficulties in carrying out her order.我感到执行她的命令有些困难。the government was trying to carry out the policy of "family planning".当时，政府正尽力贯彻“计划生育”政策。

8、catch up with, keep up with

catch up with为“赶上（某人或某事）”，有追上并可能超过的含义。如：we"ll do out best to catch up with the advanced industrial countries.我们将尽力赶超先进的工业国家。

keep up with作“不落后于（某人或某对手）”解，有与之并驾齐驱的含义。如：the girls had to run to keep up with the boys.这些女孩子不得不加快脚步以赶上男孩子们。

9、cause, reason

10、clothes, clothing, cloth

11、chief, main

12、choose, select

13、come to one"s help, come for one"s help

14、continual, continuous

15、compare...to, compare...with

16、consider, regard as, treat as

17、coloured, colourful

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