高考英语常用词汇600_最新高考英语常用词汇考点

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1.在英语中，do, have, make, take这四个动词，加上名词作宾语（名词前可有形容词）构成词组，可以表达许多不同含义，其意义相当于在名词前加上一个相关动词，现分述如下：
(1)do+名词e.g. mary has done (=has written) an article. 玛丽写了一篇文章。
he will do(=draw) a large portrait of ren changxia.他要为任长霞画一幅大画像。
 
do computer study=study computer
do the room=clean the room
do the dishes=wash the dishes
do one’s hair=comb one’s hair
do one’s teeth=brush one’s teeth
do the fish=cook the fish
do the puzzle=work out the puzzle
do science=study science
do a comedy=act a comedy
do a concert=hear a concert
do the tower=visit the tower
do japan=visit japan
do 20 miles=travel 20 miles
do one’s guests well=serve one’s guests well
 
有时宾语也可用doing,并在doing前加some。
do some reading=read some books, read some pages
do some studying=study something
do some walking=walk for some time
还有do most of the talking, do some morning shopping等。
(2)have+名词  e.g. we had a long talk(=talked for a long time) last sunday. 上星期天我们进行了一次长谈。
they’re having a rest(=resting). 他们在休息。
此类结构常见的还有：have a chat, have a look at…,have a drink, have an interview, have a smoke, have a fight, have a bath, have a dream
名词前可有修饰成分，如have no respect, have no wish, have some good laughs, have one more try等。
有时意义上等于在名词前加上一个相关的动词，如：
 
have a lesson (class)上一节课
have an x-ray进行x光检查
have a great success取得很大成功
have a small accident出了小事故
have a headache(a flu, cold)得头疼病（流感，感冒）
have a baby生孩子
have one’s advice听从某人的建议
have a telegram收到一封电报
have an answer有了答案
 
(3)make+名词（相当于名词的动词含义）
e.g. the police made an examination in her room. 警察检查了她的房间。
the teacher made a clear explanation. 老师清楚地作了解释。
we made a comparison of the two articles. 我们把这两篇文章作了比较。
make an attempt=attempt       make a suggest=suggest
还有make a visit参观，make a long stay住了很长时间，make another start又重新开始了，make preparations作准备，make arrangements作安排，make decisions作决定，make a choice作选择，make a map画一张地图，make tea沏茶，make an expression留下印象
（4）take+名词（相当于名词相应的动词）
e.g. he took a look at(=look at) this book. 他看了一下这本书。
i want to take a nap(=nap). 我想午休一会儿。
这类词组还有：
 
take a bath 洗澡
take a walk散步
take exercise进行锻炼
take an action采取行动
take an examination进行考试，进行检查
take a trip旅行
take a vacation度假
 
相当于“吃，喝，吸（入）”，如：
take the food, take pills, take medicine, take tea (coffee),take a glass of beer, take sugar, take a breath of fresh air,还有：take a taxi(bus, train…)坐出租车（公共汽车，火车……）
 
take a room要一个房间，租用一个房间
take one’s advice接受……的建议
take a job承担一项工作
take one’s degree接受……学位
take chemistry选学化学
 
2.with的一种用法
with之后可以加一个抽象名词，构成名词短语，作用相当于这一名词相对应的副词。
e.g. he looked at her with respect(=respectfully). 他恭敬地看着她。
she told tom the story with a smile(=smilingly). 她微笑着给汤姆讲了个故事。
he accepted the invitation with pleasure(=pleasurably). 他愉快地接受了邀请。
这类词组常见的还有：
 
with calmness=calmly冷静地
with curiosity=curiously好奇地
with surprise=surprisingly惊奇地
with ease=easily轻易地
with difficulty 艰难地
with amazement惊奇地
with sympathy同情地
with disapproval不满地
with fear害怕地
with delight (joy)高兴地
with envy妒忌地
with anger生气地
with efficiency有效地
with one accord voice异口同声地
with tears in one’s eyes含泪地
 
in+名词也可以这样用。例如：
“how did you come here?”he asked in surprise(=surprisingly).“你是怎么到这儿的？”他惊奇地问。
jack shut his eyes in fear(fearfully). 杰克害怕得闭上了眼睛。
his sister stared at him in amazement(=amazingly). 他的妹妹惊奇地看着他。
he came home in high cheerfulness(=cheerfully). 他兴高采烈地回了家。
常见的这类词组还有：
 
in terror害怕地
in astonishment惊奇地
in anxiety焦急地
in amazement惊奇地
in confusion大惑不解地
in alarm惊慌地
in curiosity好奇地
in great happiness非常愉快地
in a hurry急忙地
in a low voice低声地
in hatred and despair满怀仇恨和绝望地
in earnest 认真地

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