【高考英语作文常用短语】高考常用短语精解(下)

【shitiku.jxxyjl.com--高考英语词汇】

33.to make no difference : (to be of equal importance)

　　【说明：】
　　to make no difference（没有区别，没有关系）于两种不同的情形或事物，某人认为没有区别，无足轻重。用此成语时常以虚字it为其主词，如上述二例句，后面用whether介绍的名词子句则为真正主词。至于二句中to me与to you 的to ,亦可改用with.

　　【例：】

　　(1) when i asked him whether he wanted to go in the morning or in the afternoon, he said: “ it doesn’t make any difference to me.”
　　当我问他要早晨去还是下午去的时候，他说“这对我没有什么关系”。

　　(2)does it make any difference to you whether we have our lesson at two o’clock or at three o’clock?
　　我们在两点钟上课或者在三点钟上课，你觉得没有关系吗？

　　34.to take out : (to remove, extract)

　　【说明：】to take out（取出，拔出）中的out是副词，如果take的受词是名词，多半放在out的后面，如果受词是代名词则放在take与out之间。

　　【例：】

　　(1)william took out his handkerchief and wiped his forehead.
　　威廉取出手帕擦擦他的前额。

　　(2)the thief suddenly took out a knife and attacked the policeman.
　　这个贼突然拔出一把小刀向警察袭击。

35.to take part : (participate)

　　【说明：】to take part（参加，参与）指参加宴会，会议，聚会等而言，后面一定要用in。如果用with，则作袒护支持解，如he took part with me. （他加入我这一边支持我。）

　　【例：】

　　(1) henry was sick and could not take part in the meeting last night.
　　亨利病了，昨晚他不能够参加会议。

　　(2)i did not want to take part in their argument.
　　我不要参加他们的辩论。

　　36.at all : (in any degree, in the least-generally used only in a negative sense)

　　【说明：】at all（丝毫，极少）为副词片语，多用于否定句以加强语气。也可以用在疑问句中作究竟解，如do you know at all?（你究竟知不知道？）用在if的后面作既然解，如if you do it at all, do it well. （既做，就好好地做。）
　　
　　【例：】

　　(1) he said that he did not have any money at all.
　　他说他一点钱都没有。

　　(2)when i asked her whether she was tired, she said, “ not all at!”
　　当我问她是否疲倦时，她说，“一点也不！”

　　37.to look up : (to search for-especially in a dictionary or catalogue where one must turn over pages)

　　【说明：】to look up（查出，查找）尤指从字典或目录中翻查所要找的单字或号码条文等。to look up作为不及物动词用时，其意义为抬头或仰望，如she looked up from her writing（她不写字了，抬起头来仰望着。）

　　【例：】

　　(1) every student should look up all new words in his dictionary each day.
　　每个学生应该每天从字典上查阅所有的生字。

　　(2)ellen said that she did not know robert’s number but that she would look it up in the telephone book.
　　艾伦说她不知道罗勃的电话号码，但是她呆以从电话簿上查出来。

　　38.to wait on (upon) : (to serve, attend to – in a store or shop)

　　【说明：】to wait on（侍候，招待）指在商店中店员招待顾客，或指在家中仆人侍候主人，在饭店中堂倌侍候客人而言。on可以改用upon.

　　【例：】

　　(1) a very pleasant young woman waited on me in macy’s yesterday.

昨天一位很可爱的年轻女店员在麦茜公司里招待我。

　　(2)the clerk asked, “have you been waited on yet, sir?”
　　店员问，“先生，有人侍候过你吗？”

　　39.at least : (in the minimum)

　　【说明：】at least（至少）也可以用at the least,为副词片语。

　　【例：】

　　(1) every student should spend at least two hours on his homework every night.
　　每个学生每晚至少应费两小时做他的家庭作业。

　　(2)helen has been sick in bed for at least two months.
　　海伦至少已经卧病两个月了。

　　40.so far : (up to the present time)
　　【说明：】so far（到现在为止，到目前为止）作副词用，与up to now的意思相同。动词应用现在完成式。

　　【例：】
　　(1) so far john has been the best student in our english class.
　　到现在为止，约翰一直是我们英文班上最优秀的学生。

　　(2)how many idioms have we studied in this book so far?
　　到现在为止，我们在这本书里学了多少片语呢？

　　41.to shake hands : (to exchange greetings with a clasp of the hand)
　　【说明：】to shake hands（握手）是西洋人见面时的礼节。shake原意为摇动，因为握手时须将手上下摇动。注意这里的hand要用复数。如果在hand之前加上my, his, her 等字时，则hand用单数。他跟我握手有两种说法：

　　①he shook hands with me.

　　②he shook my hand.

　　【例：】

　　(1) i introduced them and they shook hands.

　　我替他们介绍后，他们握握手。

　　(2)when two women meet for the first time, they do not usually shake hands.

　　两个女人初次见面时，通常她们是不握手的。

　　42.to look out : (to be careful)

　　【说明：】to look out（注意，留心）用于唤起别人注意，以提防危险。也可以作为留神以待解，如will you go to the station and look out for mr. smith?（你可以到车站去等史密斯先生吗？）

　　【例：】

　　(1) “look out!” john cried as his friend almost stepped in front of the approaching car.

　　约翰在他的朋友几乎要碰到一部驶来的汽车时大叫，“当心”！

2)why did the drive tell mary to look out as she was getting off the bus?

　　为什么当玛丽下公共汽车时司机要叫她小心呢？

　　43.to think of : (to have an opinion about)

　　【说明：】to think of（作……看法，认为）用以征询别人的意见。如what do you think of hemingway?（你觉得海明威怎么样？）如表示意见则在think之后放much, highly, well等，作看重或重视解。至于think little (nothing) of 则作轻视或对……满不在乎解，如he thought nothing of 30 miles a day. (他对每天三十里满不在乎。)

　　【例：】

　　(1) what did you think of that movie which you saw last night?
　　你觉得你昨晚看的那个电影怎么样？

　　(2)i don’t think much of him as a baseball player.
　　我并不认为他是一个了不得的棒球队员。

　　44.to get back : (to return)

　　【说明：】to get back（回来）指回返原处而方，back为副词。如果说从什么地方回来，后面用from；如果说回到什么地方，后面用to, 如i got back to my office, yesterday morning.(我昨天早晨回到我的办公室。)to get back也作取回解，如 i never lend books, it’s so difficult to get them back.（我从来不把书借给人；因为很难将它们取回。）

　　【例：】

　　(1) mr. harris got back from chicago last night.

　　海利斯先生昨晚从芝加哥回来。

　　(2)when do you expect to get back from your trip?

　　你预料何时旅行回来？

　　45.to catch cold : (to become sick with a cold)

　　【说明：】to catch cold（着凉，伤风）指感冒风寒而言，与to take cold同议。这儿的cold 系名词，作感冒解。cold 的前面也可以加不定冠词。to have a cold = to have caught a cold, 意谓伤风了。

　　【例：】

　　(1) if you go out in this rain, you will surely catch cold.

　　如果你在雨中外出，你一定会伤风。

　　(2)how did she ever catch cold in such warm weather?

　　这样温暖的天气，她怎么会着凉的呢？

　　46.to make up one’s mind : (to decide)

　　【说明：】to make up one’s mind（决心，决意，打定主意）后面通常要跟一个不定词，用以表示所决定的事。 　

【例：】

　　(1) william has made up his mind not to go to college this year.
　　威廉已决意今年不进大学。

　　(2)have you made up your mind yet as to where you are going to spend your vacation?
　　你已决定到哪里去渡假吗？

　　47.to change one’s mind : (to alter one’s decision or opinion)

　　【说明：】to change one’s mind（改变主意）指改变一个人的决定或主张而言。change 可改用alter.

　　【例：】

　　(1) we have changed our minds and are going to canada instead of to california on our vacation.
　　我们已改变主意，到加拿大去渡假而不到加利福尼亚去了。

　　(2)john has changed his mind at least three times in this matter.
　　约翰对这件事至少已经改变了三次主意了。

　　48.for the time being : (for the present, temporarily)

　　【说明：】for the time being（目前，暂时）作副词用。

　　【例：】

　　(1) for the time being helen is working in the export department.
　　现在海伦在出口部工作。

　　(2)we are living in a hotel for the time being, but later we will try to find a small apartment.
　　我们暂时住在一家旅馆里，但是我们想以后要设法找一家小公寓。

　　49.to get over : (to recover from)
　　【说明：】to get over（恢复，克服）专指病后或受伤后复元而言，决不可用以表示收复 失土城池等。

　　【例：】

　　(1) it took me more than a month to get over my cold.
　　我的感冒拖延了一个多月才复元。

　　(2)i do not think he will ever get over the loss of his wife.
　　我不以为他能克服丧偶之痛。

　　50.to call off : (to cancel)

　　【说明：】to call off（取消，宣告终止）专指取消既定的计划或合同等。

　　【例：】

　　(1) the game was called off on account of darkness.
　　由于天黑，比赛已经取消了。

　　(2)the doctor had to call off all his appointments for the day and rush to the hospital.
　　这位医生不得不取消所的有约会，而赶到医院里去。

　　51.for good : (permanently, forever) 　

【说明：】for good（永久，永远）为副词片语，也可以用for good and all。

　　【例：】

　　(1) ruth has gone back to california for good. she will not return to the east.
　　鲁斯已回加利福尼亚作久居之计，她不会再回到东部来了。

　　(2)has your friend returned to south america for good?
　　你的朋友已回南美，一去就不再来了吗？

　　52.in a hurry : (hurried, in a rush)

　　【说明：】in a hurry（急忙，慌忙）为介系词成语，于上列二例句中均用作形容词。在口语中又可作容易（easily）或乐意(willingly)解，如

　　①you won’t find a better specimen than that in a hurry.
　　（你将不容易找到比那个还要好的标本。）
　　②i shalln’t ask him to dinner again in a hurry.

　　（我将不愿意再请他吃饭了。）

　　【例：】

　　(1) john is in a hurry to catch his train.

　　约翰匆匆忙忙地去赶火车。

　　(2)she is the kind of person who always seems to be in a hurry.

　　她是那种似乎总是忙个不停的人。

　
　　53.to shake hands : (to exchange greetings with a clasp of the hand)

　　【说明：】to shake hands（握手）是西洋人见面时的礼节。shake原意为摇动，因为握手时须将手上下摇动。注意这里的hand要用复数。如果在hand之前加上my, his, her 等字时，则hand用单数。他跟我握手有两种说法：

　　①he shook hands with me.

　　②he shook my hand.

　　【例：】

　　(1) i introduced them and they shook hands.
　　我替他们介绍后，他们握握手。
　　(2)when two women meet for the first time, they do not usually shake hands.

　　两个女人初次见面时，通常她们是不握手的。

　　54.to look out : (to be careful)

　　【说明：】to look out（注意，留心）用于唤起别人注意，以提防危险。也可以作为留神以待解，如will you go to the station and look out for mr. smith?（你可以到车站去等史密斯先生吗？）

　　【例：】

　　(1) “look out!” john cried as his friend almost stepped in front of the approaching car.
　　约翰在他的朋友几乎要碰到一部驶来的汽车时大叫，“当心”！

(
　　2)why did the drive tell mary to look out as she was getting off the bus?
　　为什么当玛丽下公共汽车时司机要叫她小心呢？

　　55.to think of : (to have an opinion about)

　　【说明：】to think of（作……看法，认为）用以征询别人的意见。如what do you think of hemingway?（你觉得海明威怎么样？）如表示意见则在think之后放much, highly, well等，作看重或重视解。至于think little (nothing) of 则作轻视或对……满不在乎解，如he thought nothing of 30 miles a day. (他对每天三十里满不在乎。)

　　【例：】

　　(1) what did you think of that movie which you saw last night?
　　你觉得你昨晚看的那个电影怎么样？

　　(2)i don’t think much of him as a baseball player.
　　我并不认为他是一个了不得的棒球队员。

　　56.to get back : (to return)

　　【说明：】to get back（回来）指回返原处而方，back为副词。如果说从什么地方回来， 后面用from；如果说回到什么地方，后面用to, 如i got back to my office, yesterday morning.(我昨天早晨回到我的办公室。)to get back也作取回解，如 i never lend books, it’s so difficult to get them back.（我从来不把书借给人；因为很难将它们取回。）
　　【
　　例：】

　　(1) mr. harris got back from chicago last night.
　　海利斯先生昨晚从芝加哥回来。

　　(2)when do you expect to get back from your trip?
　　你预料何时旅行回来？

　　57.to catch cold : (to become sick with a cold)

　　【说明：】to catch cold（着凉，伤风）指感冒风寒而言，与to take cold同议。这儿的cold系名词，作感冒解。cold 的前面也可以加不定冠词。to have a cold = to have caught a cold, 意谓伤风了。

　　【例：】

　　(1) if you go out in this rain, you will surely catch cold.
　　如果你在雨中外出，你一定会伤风。

　　(2)how did she ever catch cold in such warm weather?
　　这样温暖的天气，她怎么会着凉的呢？

　　58.to make up one’s mind : (to decide)

　　【说明：】to make up one’s mind（决心，决意，打定主意）后面通常要跟一个不定词，用以表示所决定的事。 　

【例：】

　　(1) william has made up his mind not to go to college this year.
　　威廉已决意今年不进大学。

　　(2)have you made up your mind yet as to where you are going to spend your vacation?
　　你已决定到哪里去渡假吗？

　　59.to change one’s mind : (to alter one’s decision or opinion)
　　【说明：】to change one’s mind（改变主意）指改变一个人的决定或主张而言。change 可改用alter.

　　【例：】

　　(1) we have changed our minds and are going to canada instead of to california on our vacation.
　　我们已改变主意，到加拿大去渡假而不到加利福尼亚去了。

　　(2)john has changed his mind at least three times in this matter.
　　约翰对这件事至少已经改变了三次主意了。

　　60.for the time being : (for the present, temporarily)

　　【说明：】for the time being（目前，暂时）作副词用。

　　【例：】

　　(1) for the time being helen is working in the export department.
　　现在海伦在出口部工作。

　　(2)we are living in a hotel for the time being, but later we will try to find a small apartment.
　　我们暂时住在一家旅馆里，但是我们想以后要设法找一家小公寓。

　　61.to get over : (to recover from)

　　【说明：】to get over（恢复，克服）专指病后或受伤后复元而言，决不可用以表示收复失土城池等。

　　【例：】

　　(1) it took me more than a month to get over my cold.
　　我的感冒拖延了一个多月才复元。

　　(2)i do not think he will ever get over the loss of his wife.
　　我不以为他能克服丧偶之痛。

　　62.to call off : (to cancel)

　　【说明：】to call off（取消，宣告终止）专指取消既定的计划或合同等。

　　【例：】

　　(1) the game was called off on account of darkness.
　　由于天黑，比赛已经取消了。

　　(2)the doctor had to call off all his appointments for the day and rush to the hospital.
　　这位医生不得不取消所的有约会，而赶到医院里去。

　　63.for good : (permanently, forever)


　　【说明：】for good（永久，永远）为副词片语，也可以用for good and all。

　　【例：】

　　(1) ruth has gone back to california for good. she will not return to the east.
　　鲁斯已回加利福尼亚作久居之计，她不会再回到东部来了。

　　(2) has your friend returned to south america for good?
　　你的朋友已回南美，一去就不再来了吗？

　　64.in a hurry : (hurried, in a rush)

　　【说明：】in a hurry（急忙，慌忙）为介系词成语，于上列二例句中均用作形容词。在口语中又可作容易（easily）或乐意(willingly)解，如

　　①you won’t find a better specimen than that in a hurry.
　　（你将不容易找到比那个还要好的标本。）
　　②i shalln’t ask him to dinner again in a hurry. （我将不愿意再请他吃饭了。）

　　【例：】

　　(1) john is in a hurry to catch his train.
　　约翰匆匆忙忙地去赶火车。

　　(2)she is the kind of person who always seems to be in a hurry.
　　她是那种似乎总是忙个不停的人。

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