[恩波格斗学校]恩波学校2005年春季大学英语六级第一次模考试题加答案（之三）

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Questi ons 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
    Many ecologists and demographers predict that an ecological disaster is on the way, most likely in the form of a devastating famine in the Third World. Although everyone is not so pessimistic, there is no disagreement about the fact that we have been destroying the very ecosystems that sustain us. Such irrational behavior is not easy to explain. Its complex causes have roots stretching far back into history. Ironically, the same characteristics that have made humans such a successful species—high intelligence and an enormous ability to manipulate the environment—have also contributed to the development of the technology and cultural orientation that are now threatening many forms of life on earth.
    More and more people are coming to realize that the magnificent technological advances that have made life so much more comfortable have a dark side as well. As we have seen, agricultural technology has brought havoc to the biosphere; industrial technology is polluting the environment; and military technology has for the first time in history given humanity the means to destroy itself. And even if we do not destroy ourselves directly with nuclear bombs, we may do it indirectly by disrupting ecosystems, food chains, and the whole life-supporting system.
    Condemning technology as though it were separated from the humans who use it is both pointless and misleading. Every group of humans，from prehistoric times to the present, has used some form of technology to meet its needs for food, clothing, and shelter. Only a few of those technologies, however, have caused serious damage to the environment. The real culprit is exploitative technology, designed to produce the greatest immediate rewards without regard to the long-term consequences to the environment of or the quality of human life.
    This problem is nothing new. Although the ea rliest hunting and gathering did little damage to the environment, the human race has been using exploitative technologies for thousands of years. Historians now believe that an environmental crisis caused by unsound farming techniques contributed to the collapse of many of the agricultural societies of the past; but the overall environmental damage done by industrial societies is far worse. For one thing, their technology is much more powerful and sophisticated, and for another, they support many more people. Industrialization also brings about a qualitative change in the kind of technology we use. From nuclear radiation to the destruction of the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere, the cornucopia（象征丰饶的羊角，丰饶）of modern science has produced problems undreamed of by our ancestors.

21. Many ecologists predict, _______.
    A. ecological disasters will not happen soon
    B. ecological disasters will never happen in the industrial countries
    C. disastrous famines are likely to happen in the underdeveloped countries
    D. disastrous floods are likely to happen in the Third World
22. Exploitative technology _______.
    A. is the modern product of industrialization
    B. is the main cause for the environmental crisis
    C. is designed to make full of our resources
    D. is designed to improve the quality of human life
23. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.
    A. unsound farming techniques are more destructive than Industrial technology
    B. modern science has greatly improved human life
    C. the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere was formerly well preserved
    D. it is the technology we use that is responsible for the environmental crisis
24. What is the passage mainly about?
    A. The coming of environmental disaster.
    B. The ill effects of industrialization.
    C. The development of modern technology.
    D. The origin of environmental crisis.
25. The tone of the passage can be described as _____.
    A. pessimistic        B. optimistic
    C. concerned          D. indifferent

Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
    Hawaii’s native minority is demanding a greater degree of sovereignty over its own affairs. But much of the archipelago’s political establishment which includes the White Americans who dominated until the Second World War and people of Japanese, Chinese and Filipino origin, is opposed to the idea.
    The islands were annexed by the US in 1898 and since then Hawaii’s native peoples have fared worse than any of its other ethnic groups. They make up over 60 percent of the state’s homeless, suffer higher levels of unemployment and their life span is five years less than the average Hawaiians. They are the only major US native group without some degree of autonomy.
    But a sovereignty advisory committee set up by Hawaii’s first native governor, John Waihee, has given the natives’ cause a major boost by recommending that the Hawaiian natives decide by themselves whether to re-establish a sovereign Hawaiian nation.
    However, the Hawaiian natives are not united in their demands. Some just want greater autonomy within the state—as enjoyed by many American Indian natives over matters such as education. This is position supported by the Office of Hawaiian Affairs(OHA), a state agency set up in 1978 to represent the natives’ interests and which has now become the mo derate face of the native sovereignty movement. More ambitious is the Ka Lahui group, which declared itself a new nation in 1987 and wants full, official independence from the US.
    But if Hawaiian natives are given greater autonomy, it is far from clear how many people this will apply to. The state authorities only count those as native people with more than 50 percent Hawaiian blood.
    Native demands are not just based on political grievances, though. They also want their claim on 660,000 hectares of Hawaiian crown land to be accepted. It is on this issue that native groups are facing most opposition from the state authorities. In 1933, the state government paid the OHA US＄136 million in back rent on the crown land and many officials say that by accepting this payment the agency has given up its claims to legally own the land. The OHA has vigorously disputed this.

26. Hawaii’s native minority refers to______.
    A. Hawaii’s ethnic groups
    B. people of Filipino origin
    C. the Ka Lahui group
    D. people with 50% Hawaiian blood
27. Which of the following statements is true of the Hawaiian natives?
    A. Sixty percent of them are homeless or unemployed.
    B. Their life span is 5 years shorter than average Americans.
    C. Their life is worse than that of other ethnic groups in Hawaii.
    D. They are the only native group without sovereignty.
28. Which of the following is NOT true of John Waihee?
    A. He is Hawaii’s first native governor.
    B. He has set up a sovereignty advisory committee.
    C. He suggested the native people decide for themselves.
    D. He is leading the local independent movement.
29. Which of the following groups holds a less radical attitude on the matter of sovereignty?
    A. American Indian natives.
    B. Office of Hawaiian Affairs.
    C. The Ka Lahui group. 
    D. The Hawaiian natives.
30. Various native Hawaiians demand all the following EXCEPT_______.
    A. a greater autonomy within the state
    B. more back rent on the crown land
    C. a claim on the Hawaiian crown land
    D. full independence from the US

Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
    Today’s cops are under far more inspection than their predecessors were, thanks in part to governmental soul-searching suggesting that police behavior had much to do with touching off the race riots of the late 1960s. Today, more than 75 percent of the major metropolitan police departments have some sort of civilian review agency. And top cops are watching more closely, too. “It’s unbelievable how they Monday-morning quarterback（事后指责）you,” says Dallas officer James, who underwent a vigorous internal investigation last spring after he fired at, but missed, a man who pointed a gun at him, “I’m out there sweating bullets, my heart’s going 95 miles per hour and some guy is sitting in an air-conditioned office telling me what I should have done.”
    Part of that inspection is rooted in departmental efforts to head off lawsuits. Cops have become an increasingly inviting target for litigation. For example, in 1972, the City of Los Angeles paid＄553,340 in judgments and settlements for the actions of its police department. Last year, Los Angeles paid＄6.4 million.

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