【大学英语四级考试试题册】2005年大学英语四级考试试题B卷(1)

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Part I Section A Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)

Joxue　Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each convers-ation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

JoxueExample:

JoxueYou will hear:

JoxueYou will read."

JoxueA) At the office.

JoxueB) In the waiting room.

JoxueC) At the airport.

JoxueD) In a restaurant.

JoxueFrom the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This conversation is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) "At the office" is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.

JoxueSample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]

Joxue1.A) The man lives far from the subway.

JoxueB) The man enjoys traveling by car.

JoxueC) The man used to own a car.

JoxueD) The man is good at driving.

Joxue2. A) She can"t meet Tony so early in the morning.

JoxueB) Tony can choose another science course.

JoxueC) She approves of Tony"s decision.

JoxueD) Tony should continue taking the course.

Joxue3. A) She has to study for the exam.

JoxueB) She"s eager to watch the new play.

JoxueC) She is particularly interested in plays.　

JoxueD) She can lend her notes to the man.

Joxue4.A) They will attract fewer kids as on-line education expands.

JoxueB) They will continue to exist along with on-line education.

JoxueC) They will limit their teaching to certain subjects only.

JoxueD) They will be replaced by on-line education sooner or later.

Joxue5. A) Most students don"t want jobs advertised in the newspapers.

JoxueB) Most students would like to work for a newspaper.

JoxueC) Most students find a job by reading advertisements.

JoxueD) Most students find it hard to get a job after they graduate.

Joxue6. A) Finish his assignment.

JoxueB) Repair the washing machine.

JoxueC) Turn the basement into a workshop.

JoxueD) Move the washing machine to the basement.

Joxue7.A) The professor has brought extra copies of his assignment.

JoxueB) Some students at the back cannot hear the professor.

JoxueC) Some of the students are not on the professor"s list.

JoxueD) The professor has changed his reading assignment.

Joxue8. A) She doesn"t want to talk about the contest.

JoxueB) She"s spent two years studying English in Canada.

JoxueC) She"s very proud of her success in the speech contest.

JoxueD) She"s modest about her success in the contest.

Joxue9. A) Reading newspapers.

JoxueB) Talking about sports.

JoxueC) Writing up local news.

JoxueD) Putting up advertisements

Joxue10.A) They"d better change their mind.

JoxueB) They shouldn"t change their plan.

JoxueC) Weather forecasts are not reliable.

JoxueD) The tennis game won"t last long.

JoxueSection B Compound Dictation

JoxueDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from S8 to SIO you are required to fill in the missing information. You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally; when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

JoxueThere are a lot of good cameras available at the moment--most of these are made in Japan but there are also good (S1)_____________models from Germany and the USA. We have (S2)_______________range of different models to see which is the best (S3)___________________money. After a number of different tests and interviews with people who are (S4)_________________assessed, our researchers (S5)______________________with the different cameras being the Olympic BY model as the best auto-focus camera available at the moment. It costs $200 although you may well want to spend more--(S6)_______________much as another $200--on buying (S7)_________________lenses and other equipment. It is a good Japanese camera, easy to use. S8)_________________________________________________________________ whereas the American versions are considerably more expensive The Olympic BY model weighs only 320 grams which is quite a bit less than other cameras of a similar type. Indeed one of the other models we looked at weighed almost twice as much. (S9)__________________________________________________________. ALL the people we interviewed expressed almost total satisfaction with it (Sl0)___________________________________________________________________
Part II Reading Comprehension(35 minutes)

JoxueDirections: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

JoxuePassage ONE

JoxueQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.

JoxueIn a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In" most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents (答问卷者)listed "to give children a good start" academically" as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for success ful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and math emetics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.

JoxueIn the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented (强调个性发展的) Americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education.

JoxueLike in America, there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools.

JoxueSome Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children"s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.

Joxue11. We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe

JoxueA)Japan"s higher education is superior to theirs

JoxueB) Japan"s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements

JoxueC) Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction

JoxueD) Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents

Joxue12. Most Americans surveyed believe that preschools should also attach importance to

JoxueA) parental guidance

JoxueB) problem solving

JoxueC) group experience

JoxueD) individually-oriented development

Joxue13. In Japan"s preschool education, the focus is on

JoxueA) tapping children"s potential

JoxueB) shaping children"s character

JoxueC) preparing children academically

JoxueD) developing children"s artistic interests

Joxue14. Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to

JoxueA) enrich children"s knowledge

JoxueB) cultivate children"s creativity

JoxueC) broaden children"s horizon

JoxueD) lighten children"s study load

Joxue15. Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university:based kindergartens?

JoxueA) They can do better in their future studies.

JoxueB) They can be individually oriented when they grow up.

JoxueC) They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.

JoxueD) They can accumulate more group experience there.

JoxuePassage TWO Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

JoxueExercise is one of the few factors with a positive role in long-term maintenance of body weight.Unfortunately, that message has not gotten through to the average American, who would rather try switching to "light" beer and low-calorie bread than increase physical exertion. The Centers for Disease Control, for example, found that fewer than one-fourth of overweight adults who were trying to shed pounds said they were combining exercise with their diet.

JoxueIn rejecting exercise, some people may be discouraged too much by caloric-expenditure charts;for example, one would have to briskly walk three miles just to work off the 275 calories in one delicious Danish pastry (小甜饼). Even exercise professionals concede half a point here. "Exercise by itself is a very tough way to lose weight," says York Onnen, program director of the President"s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports.

JoxueStill, exercise"s supporting role in weight reduction is vital. A study at the Boston University Medical Center of overweight police officers and other public employees confirmed that those who dieted without exercise regained almost all their old weight, while those who worked exercise into their daily routine maintained their new weight.

JoxueIf you have been sedentary (极少活动的) and decide to start walking one mile a day, the added exercise could burn an extra 100 calories daily. In a year"s time, assuming no increase in food intake, you could lose ten pounds. By increasing the distance of your walks gradually and 　making other dietary adjustments, you may lose even more weight.

Joxue16. What is said about the average American in the passage?

JoxueA) They usually ignore the effect of exercise on losing weight.

JoxueB) They prefer "light" beer and low-calorie bread to other drinks and food.

JoxueC) They know the factors that play a positive role in keeping down body weight.

JoxueD) They tend to exaggerate the healthful effect of "light" beer.

Joxue17. Some people dislike exercise because

JoxueA) they find it hard to exercise while on a diet

JoxueB) they don"t think it possible to walk 3 miles every day

JoxueC) they think it is physically exhausting

JoxueD) they find consulting caloric-expenditure charts troublesome

Joxue18. "Even exercise professionals concede half a point here" (Line 3, Para. 2) means "They

JoxueA) are not fully convinced that dieting can help maintain one"s new weight

JoxueB) agree that the calories in a small piece of pastry can be difficult to work off by exercise

JoxueC) are not sufficiently informed of the positive role of exercise in losing weight

JoxueD) partially believe diet plays a supporting role in weight reduction

Joxue19. What was confirmed by the Boston University Medical Center"s study?

JoxueA) Weight reduction is impossible without exercise.

JoxueB) Even occasional exercise can help reduce weight.

JoxueC) Controlling one"s calorie intake is more important than doing exercise.

JoxueD) One could lose ten pounds in a year"s time if there"s no increase in food intake.

Joxue20. What is the author"s purpose in writing this article?

JoxueA) To stress the importance of maintaining proper weight.

JoxueB) To support the statement made by York Onnen.

JoxueD) To show the most effective way to lose weight.

JoxueD) To justify the study of the Boston University Medical Center.

JoxuePassage THREE

JoxueQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

JoxueScratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold orflu ( ~,~ ) may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.

JoxueThe American Lung Association (ALA) has issued new guidelines on combating colds and the flu(流感), and one of the keys is being able to quickly tell the two apart. That"s because the prescription drugs available for the flu need to be taken soon after the illness sets in. As for colds, the sooner aperson starts taking over-the-counter remedy, the sooner relief will come.

JoxueThe common cold and the flu are both caused by viruses. More than 200 viruses can cause cold symptoms, while the flu is caused by three viruses - flu A, B and C. There is no cure for eitherillness, but the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine ( ~-~ ), which is, for most people, the bestway to fight the flu, according to the ALA.

JoxueBut if the flu does strike, quick action can help. Although the flu and common cold have manysimilarities, there are some obvious signs to look for.

JoxueCold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. On the other hand, fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu for all ages. And in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms.

JoxueThe ALA notes that it may be particularly difficult to tell when infants and preschool age children have the flu. It advises parents to call the doctor if their small children have flu-like symptoms.

JoxueBoth cold and flu symptoms can be eased with over-the-counter medications as well. However,children and teens with a cold or flu should not take aspirin for pain relief because of the risk of Reye syndrome(综合症) ，a rare but serious condition of the liver and central nervous system.Reye syndrome .

JoxueThere is, of course, no vaccine for the common cold. But frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with people who have colds can reduce the likelihood of Catching one.

Joxue21. According to the author, knowing the cause of the misery will help

JoxueA) prevent people from catching colds and the flu

JoxueB) the patient obtain cheaper prescription drugs

JoxueC) the patient buy medicine over the counter

JoxueD) shorten the duration of the illness

Joxue22. We learn from the passage that

JoxueA) over-the-counter drugs can be taken to ease the misery caused by a cold or the flu

JoxueB) one doesn"t need to take any medicine if he has a cold or the flu

JoxueC) aspirin should not be included in over-the-counter medicines for the flu

JoxueD) delayed treatment of the flu will harm the liver and central nervous system

Joxue23. According to the passage, to combat the flu effectively,

JoxueA) one should take medicine upon catching the disease

JoxueB) one should identify the virus which causes it

JoxueC) one should consult a doctor as soon as possible

JoxueD) one should remain alert when the disease is spreading

Joxue24. Which of the following symptoms will distinguish the flu from a cold?

JoxueA) A sore throat.

JoxueB)A stuffy nose.

JoxueC) A dry cough.

JoxueD) A high temperature.

Joxue25. If children have flu-like symptoms, their parents

JoxueA) are encouraged to take them to hospital for vaccination

JoxueB) are advised not to give them aspirin

JoxueC) should watch out for signs of Reye syndrome

JoxueD) should prevent them from mixing with people running a fever

JoxuePassage FOUR Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

JoxueLead deposits, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960"s and 70"s, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation world-wide has decreased significantly.

JoxueA study published recently in the journal Nature shows that air-borne leaded gas emissions from the United States were the leading contributor to the high concentration of lead in the snow in Greenland. The new study is a result of the continued research led by Dr. Charles Boutron, an expert on the impact of heavy metals on the environment at the National Center for Scientific Research in France. A study by Dr. Boutron published in 1991 showed that lead levels in arctic(北极的) snow were declining.

JoxueIn his new study, Dr. Boutron found the ratios of the different forms of lead in the leaded gasoline used in the United States were different from the ratios of European, Asian and Canadian gasolines and thus enabled scientists to differentiate ( 分区) the lead sources. The dominant lead ratio found in Greenland snow matched that found in gasoline from the United States.

JoxueIn a study published in the journal Ambio, scientists found that lead levels in soil in the North-eastern United States had decreased markedly since the introduction of unleaded gasoline.

JoxueMany scientists had believed that the lead would stay in soil and snow for a longer period.

JoxueThe authors of the Ambio study examined samples of the upper layers of soil taken from the same sites of 30 forest floors in New England, New York and Pennsylvania in 1980 and in 1990.

JoxueThe forest environment processed and redistributed the lead faster than the scientists had expected.

JoxueScientists say both studies demonstrate that certain parts of the ecosystem (生态系统 ) respond rapidly to reductions in atmospheric pollution, but that these findings should not be used as a license to pollute.

Joxue26. The study published in the journal Nature indicates that

JoxueA) lead deposits in arctic snow are on the increase

JoxueB) the Clean Air Act has not produced the desired results

JoxueC) the US is the major source of lead pollution in arctic snow

JoxueD) lead will stay in soil and snow longer than expected

Joxue27. Lead accumulation worldwide decreased significantly after the use of unleaded gas in the US

JoxueA) was introduced

JoxueB) was discouraged

JoxueC) was prohibited by law

JoxueD) was enforced by law

Joxue28. How did scientists discover the source of lead pollution in Greenland?

JoxueA) By analyzing the data published in journals like Nature and Ambio.

JoxueB) By studying the chemical elements of soil and snow in Northeastern America.

JoxueC) By comparing the chemical compositions of leaded gasoline used in various countries.

JoxueD) By observing the lead accumulations in different parts of the arctic area.

Joxue29. The authors of the Ambio study have found that

JoxueA) forests get rid of lead pollution faster than expected

JoxueB) lead deposits are widely distributed in the forests of the US

JoxueC) lead accumulations in forests are more difficult to deal with

JoxueD) the upper layers of soil in forests are easily polluted by lead emissions

Joxue30. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that scientists

JoxueA) lack sufficient means to combat lead pollution

JoxueB) still consider lead pollution a problem

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