[大学英语四级模拟测试二]大学英语四级试卷模拟二试卷答案对照版

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CET-4 Test 2 Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)

Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

1.
A) He will tell Mary how to operate the dishwasher.
B) He will wash the dishes himself instead.
C) He will help Bill to translate the manual.
D) He himself will operate the dishwasher.

2.
A) Lose weight
B) Quit smoking.
C) Weigh himself frequently.
D) Have a talk with the doctor.

3.
A) The woman should have complained to her neighbor.
B) The woman should stay out until the neighbors are quiet.
C) The woman should have stayed at the library.
D) The lab will be a better place for reading.

4.
A) Check the figures later today.
B) Do the calculations again tomorrow.
C) Bring a calculator tomorrow.
D) Calculate the number right now.

5.
A) She doesn"t remember much about the city.
B) She"s never been to the city.
C) She would find someone else to help.
D) She would talk to the man later.

6.
A) She thinks the man should have helped earlier.
B) She doesn"t need the man"s help.
C) She doesn"t know the boxes are heavy.
D) She wants the man to help with the boxes.

7.
A) She let the man use her books for the weekend.
B) She brought the books the man asked for.
C) She borrowed the books from the man.
D) She offered to help the man.

8.
A) She"d like to have the windows open.
B) She likes to have the air conditioner on.
C) The air is heavily polluted.
D) The windows are already open.

9.
A) He"s going to visit a photo studio.
B) He"s just had his picture taken.
C) He"s on the way to the theater.
D) He"s just returned from a job interview.

10.
A) At a gas station.
B) In a park.
C) In an emergency room.
D) At a garage.

　
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Passage One
Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.

11.
A) One sixth of them are seriously polluted.
B) One third of them are seriously polluted.
C) Half of them are seriously polluted.
D) Most of them are seriously polluted.

12.
A) There was no garbage left to clean up.
B) There was more garbage than before and they had to work harder.
C) The river had become so clean that a lot of water-birds came back.
D) The river was much cleaner and they had to search for garbage.

13.
A) Most of them would be indifferent and keep on throwing garbage into the river.
B) They would join the students in changing the situation.
C) They would become more aware of the pollution problem.
D) They would think twice before they went swimming or fishing in the river.

Passage Two
Questions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.

14.
A) Why people hold back their tears.
B) Why people cry.
C) How to restrain one"s tears.
D) How tears are produced.

15
A) What chemicals tears are composed of.
B) Whether crying really helps us feel better.
C) Why some people tend to cry more often than others.
D) How tears help people cope with emotional problems.

16.
A) Only one out of four girls cries less often than boys.
B) Of four boys, only one cries very often.
C) Girls cry four times as often as boys.
D) Only one out of four babies doesn"t cry often.

17.
A) Only humans respond to emotions by shedding tears.
B) Only humans shed tears to get rid of irritating stuff in their eyes.
C) Only human tears can resist the invading bacteria.
D) Only human tears can discharge certain chemicals.

Passage Three
Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

18.
A) They make decisions by tossing coins.
B) They are not physically separated.
C) They think exactly the same way.
D) They share most of their vital organs.

19.
A) Few of them can live long.
B) Few of them get along well with each other.
C) Most of them live a normal life.
D) Most of them differ in their likes and dislikes.

20.
A) They go to a regular school.
B) They attend a special school.
C) They are taught by their parents.
D) They have a private tutor.

 

Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
　

Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

Nursing at Beth Israel Hospital produces the best patient care possible. If we are to solve the nursing shortage, hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israel"s example.

At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state. Then she writes a care plan centered on the patient"s illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary.

The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalization, keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor. If a patient at Beth Israel is not responding to treatment, it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to his doctor. What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague.

Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized (分散的) nursing administration; every floor, every unit is a self-contained organization. There are nurse-managers instead of head nurses; in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing, employee advising, and they make salary recommendations. Each unit"s nurses decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when.

Beth Israel"s nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. She also is a member of the Medical Executive Committee, which in most hospitals includes only doctors.

21. Which of the following best characterized the main feature of the nursing system at Beth Israel Hospital?
A) The doctor gets more active professional support from the primary nurse.
B) Each patient is taken care of by a primary nurse day and night.
C) The primary nurse writes care plans for every patient.
D) The primary nurse keeps records of the patient"s health conditions every day.

22. It can inferred from the passage that ______.
A) compared with other hospitals nurses at Beth Israel Hospital are more patient
B) in most hospitals patient care is inadequate from the professional point of view
C) in most hospitals nurses get low salaries
D) compared with other hospitals nurses have to work longer hours at Beth Israel Hospital

23. A primary nurse can propose a different approach of treatment when ______.
A) the present one is refused by the patient
B) the patient complains about the present one
C) the present one proves to be ineffective
D) the patient is found unwilling to cooperate

24. The main difference between a nurse-manager and a head nurse is that the former ______.
A) is a member of the Medical Executive Committee of the hospital
B) has to arrange the work shifts of the unit"s nurses
C) can make decisions concerning the medical treatment of a patient
D) has full responsibility in the administration of the unit"s nurses

25. The author"s attitude towards the nursing system at Beth Israel Hospital is ______.
A) negative
B) neutral
C) critical
D) positive

Passage Two
Questions 25 to 30 are based on the following passage:

Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do-especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come cross his desk every day. "It"s amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves," he says.

"Resumes (简历) arrive with stains. Some candidates don"t bother to spell the company"s things at the cost of something larger they work toward. "To keep from losing the forest for the trees," says Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco, "we must constantly ask ourselves how the details we"re working on fit into the larger picture they don"t, we should drop them and move to something else."

Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. "The Apollo II moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time," says Garfield. "But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary." Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake.

Too often we believe what accounts for others" success is some special secret or a lucky break (机遇). But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow.

26. According to the passage, some job applicants were rejected _____.

A) because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resume
B) because of their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resume
C) because they failed to give a detailed description of their background in their applications
D) because they eliminated their names from the applicants list themselves

27. The word "perfectionists" (Line 1, para. 3) refers to those who ______.
A) demand others to get everything absolutely right
B) know how to adjust their goals according to the circumstances
C) pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectives
D) are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do

28. Which of the following is the author"s advice to the reader?
A) Although too much attention to details may be costly, they should not be overlooked.
B) Don"t forget details when drawing pictures
C) Be aware of the importance of a task before undertaking it.
D) Careless applicants are not to be trusted.

29. The example of the Apollo II moon launch is given to illustrate that _____.
A) minor mistakes can be ignored in achieving major objectives
B) failure is the mother of success
C) adjustments are the key to the successful completion of any work
D) keeping one"s goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked

30. The best title for this passage would be ______.
A) Don"t Be a Perfectionist
B) Importance of Adjustments
C) Details and Major Objectives
D) Hard Work Plus Good Luck

Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:

When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer"s claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty (保单), or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.

A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the "higher up" the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer"s favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.
Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but it they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.

Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, "The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear" is better than "This stereo (立体声音响) does not work".

The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers" rights.

31. When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he should do is to ______.
A) complain personally to the manager
B) threaten to take the matter to court
C) write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchase
D) show some written proof of the purchase to the store

32. If a consumer wants a quick settlement of his problem, it"s better to complain to _____.
A) a shop assistant
B) a store manager
C) the manufacturer
D) a public organization

33. The most effective complaint can be made by ______.
A) showing the faulty item to the manufacturer
B) explaining exactly what is wrong with the item
C) saying firmly that the item is of poor quality
D) asking politely to change the item

34. The phrase "live up to" (Line 2, Para. 1) in the context means ______.
A) meet the standard of
B) realize the purpose of
C) fulfill the demands of
D) keep the promise of

35. The passage tells us _______.
A) how to settle a consumer"s complaint about a faulty item
B) how to make an effective complaint about a faulty item
C) how to avoid buying a faulty item
D) how to deal with complaints from customers

　

Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

Where do pesticides (杀虫剂) fit into the picture of environmental disease? We have seen that they now pollute soil, water, and food, that they have the power to make our streams fishless and our gardens and woodlands silent and bridles. Man, however much he may like to pretend the contrary, is part of nature. Can he escape a pollution that is now so thoroughly distributed throughout our world?

We know that even single exposures to these chemicals, if the amount is large enough, can cause extremely severe poisoning. But this is not the major problem. The sudden illness or death of farmers, farm workers, and others exposed to sufficient quantities of pesticides are very sad and should not occur. For the population as a whole, we must be more concerned with the delayed effects of absorbing small amounts of the pesticides that invisibly pollute our world.

Responsible public health officials have pointed out that the biological effects of chemicals are cumulative (积累的) over long periods of time, and that the danger to the individual may depend on the sum of the exposures received throughout his lifetime. For these very reasons the danger is easily ignored. It is human nature to shake off what may seem to us a threat of future disaster. "Men are naturally most impressed by diseases which have obvious signs," says a wise physician, Dr. Rene Dubos, "yet some of their worst enemies slowly approach them unnoticed."

36. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the sentence "Man, ...is part of nature." (Lines 3-4, Para.1)?
A) Man appears indifferent to what happens in nature.
B) Man acts as if he does not belong to nature.
C) Man can avoid the effects of environmental pollution.
D) Man can escape his responsibilities for environmental protection.

37. What is the author"s attitude to wards the environmental effects of pesticides?
A) Pessimistic.
B) Indifferent
C) Defensive
D) Concerned

38. In the author"s view, the sudden death caused by exposure to large amounts of pesticides ______.
A) is not the worst of the negative consequences resulting from the use of pesticides
B) now occurs most frequently among all accidental deaths
C) has sharply increased so as to become the center of public attention
D) is unavoidable because people can"t do without pesticides in farming

39. People tend to ignore the delayed effects of exposure to chemicals because ______.
A) limited exposure to them does little harm to people"s health
B) the present is more important for them than the future
C) the danger does not become apparent immediately
D) humans are capable of withstanding small amounts of poisoning

40. It can be concluded from Dr Dubos" remarks that ______.
A) people find invisible diseases difficult to deal with
B) attacks by hidden enemies tend to be fatal
C) diseases with obvious signs are easy to cure
D) people tend to overlook hidden dangers caused by pesticides

 

Part III Vocabulary and Structure
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

41. I would appreciate _______ it a secret.
A) your keeping
B) you to keep
C) that you keep
D) that you will keep

42. Mark often attempts to escape ______ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
A) having been fined
B) to have been fined
C) to be fined
D) being fined

43. No matter how frequently ______, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.
A) performing
B) performed
C) to be performed
D) being performed

44. It is recommended that the project ______ until all the preparations have been made.
A) is not started
B) will not be started
C) not be started
D) is not to be started

45. I wish I _______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
A) could have slept
B) slept
C) might have slept
D) have slept

46. We didn"t know his telephone number; otherwise we ______ him.
A) would have telephoned
B) must have telephoned
C) would telephone
D) had telephoned

47. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ______ advertisements showing happy, balanced families.
A) are often seeing
B) often see
C) will often see
D) have often seen

48. While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news, it is unlikely that television ______ the newspaper completely.

A) replaced
B) have replaced
C) replace
D) will replace

49. An Olympic Marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards, approximately _______ from Marathon to Athens.
A) distance
B) is the distance
C) the distance
D) the distance is

50. You will want two trees about ten feet apart, from ______ to suspend your tent.
A) there
B) them
C) which
D) where

51. As I was just getting familiar with this job, I had ______ to ask my boss.
A) many
B) most
C) more
D) much

52. ______ quite recently, most mothers in Britain did not take paid work outside the home.
A) Before
B) Until
C) From
D) Since

53. The survival of civilization as we know it is ______ threat.
A) within
B) under
C) towards
D) upon

54. Scientists say it may be five or ten years ______ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.
A) since
B) before
C) after
D) when

55. In some countries, ______ is called "equality" does not really mean equal rights for all people.
A) which
B) what
C) that
D) one

56. I walked too much yesterday and _______ are still aching now.
A) my leg"s muscles
B) my muscles to leg
C) my leg muscles
D) my muscles of the leg

57. Radio, television and press _______ of conveying news and information.
A) are the most three common means
B) are the most common three means
C) are the three most common means
D) are three the most common means

58. Liquids are like solids ______ they have a definite volume.
A) in that
B) for that
C) with that
D) at that

59. When a fire ______ at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.
A) broke off
B) broke out
C) broke down
D) broke up

60. The destruction of these treasures was a loss for mankind that no amount of money could ______.
A) stand up to
B) make up for
C) come up with
D) put up with

61. Then the speaker ______ the various factors leading to the present economic crisis.
A) went after
B) went for
C) went into
D) put up with

62. The student was just about to ______ the question, when suddenly he found the answer.
A) arrive at
B) submit to
C) work out
D) give up

63. When there are small children around, it is necessary to put bottles of pills out of ______.
A) reach
B) hand
C) hold
D) place

64. The ______ of blood always makes him feel sick.
A) sight
B) view
C) look
D) form

65. In Britain, the best season of the year is probably _____ spring.
A) later
B) last
C) latter
D) late

66. Free medical treatment in this country covers sickness of mind as well as ______ sicknesses.
A) normal
B) regular
C) average
D) ordinary

67. This hotel ______ "60 for a single room with bath.
A) claims
B) demands
C) prices
D) charges

68. Although he had looked through all the reference material on the subject, he still found it hard to understand this point and her explanation only ______ to his confusion.
A) extended
B) amounted
C) added
D) turned

69. A completely new situation will ______ when the examination system comes into existence.
A) arise
B) rise
C) raise
D) arouse

70. It took him several months to ______ the wild horse.
A) tend
B) cultivate
C) breed
D) tame

 

Part VI Cloze
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the student. 71.____ a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the 72.____ in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The 73.____ student is considered to be 74.____ who is motivated (激发) to learn for the sake of 75.____, not the one interested only in getting high grades. Sometimes homework is returned 76.____ brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the students is 77.____ for learning the material assigned. When research is 78.____, the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with 79.____ guidance. It is the 80.____ responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain 81.____ a university library works; they expect students, 82.____ graduate students, to be able to exhaust the reference 83.____ in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but 84.____ that their students not be 85.___ dependent on them. In the United States, professors have many other duties 86.____ teaching, such as administrative or research work. 87.____ the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is 88____. If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either 89.____ a professor during office hours 90.____ make an appointment.

71.
A) If
B) Although
C) Because
D) Before

72.
A) suggestion
B) context
C) abstract
D) information

73.
A) poor
B) ideal
C) average
D) information

74.
A) such
B) one
C) any
D) some

75.
A) fun
B) work
C) learning
D) prize

76.
A) by
B) in
C) for
D) with

77.
A) criticized
B) innocent
C) responsible
D) dismissed

78.
A) collected
B) distributed
C) assigned
D) finished

79.
A) maximum
B) minimum
C) possible
D) practical

80.
A) student"s
B) professor"s
C) assistant"s
D) librarian"s

81.
A) When
B) what
C) why
D) how

82.
A) particularly
B) essentially
C) obviously
D) rarely

83.
A) selections
B) collections
C) sources
D) origins

84.
A) hate
B) dislike
C) like
D) prefer

85.
A) too
B) such
C) much
D) more

86.
A) but
B) except
C) with
D) besides

87.
A) However
B) Therefore
C) Furthermore
D) Nevertheless

88.
A) plentiful
B) limited
C) irregular
D) flexible

89.
A) greet
B) annoy
C) approach
D) attach

90.
A) or
B) and
C) to
D) but

 

 

 

 

模拟二答案
1. B
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. A
6. B

7. C
8. A
9. B
10. D
11. B
12. D

13. C
14. B
15. D
16. C
17. A
18. B

19. A
20. A
21. B
22. A
23. C
24. C

25. D
26. B
27. D
28. A
29. C
30. D

31. D
32. B
33. A
34. A
35. B
36. B

37. D
38. A
39. C
40. D
41. A
42. D

43. B
44. C
45. A
46. A
47. C
48. D

49. C
50. C
51. D
52. B
53. B
54. B

55. B
56. C
57. C
58. A
59. B
60. B

61. C
62. D
63. A
64. A
65. D
66. D

67. D
68. C
69. A
70. D
71. A
72. D

73. B
74. B
75. C
76. D
77. C
78. C

79. B
80. A
81. D
82. A
83. C
84. D

85. A
86. D
87. B
88. B
89. C
90. A

以下是试题解析
Script

Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)

Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

1）
W: I"m trying to find out how this dishwasher works, the manual is in French, I can"t wait for Bill to translate it for me.
M: Don"t worry, Mary, I can do the dishes before the machine starts to work.
Q: What does the man mean?

2)
M: The doctor said if I kept smoking, I would increase my chances of having a heart attack.
W: Did he suggest reducing weight ,too?
Q: What does the woman think the man should also do?

3)
W: The people next door are making so much noise, I just can"t concentrate on .
M: Why don"t you stay at the library? It"s much quiet there.
Q: What does Tom mean?

4)
M: This is hopeless, these figures still don"t add up right, let"s do the calculations over again.
W: Yes ,but why not do them tomorrow? It"s very late now.
Q: What does the woman suggest they do?

5)
M: To collect a data for my report, I need to talk to someone who knows that small city very well. I was told that you lived there for quite a long time.
W: Oh ,I wish I could help, but I was only a child then.
Q: What does the woman imply?

6)
M: Are you moving into a new house? Need a hand with those boxes?
W: That"s okay, I can manage. They look big ,but aren"t very heavy actually.
Q: What does the woman mean?

7)
M: It"s good you brought the books back.
W: I thought you might need novels at the weekend. Thanks for letting me use them.

Q: What do we know about the woman from the conversation?

8)
M: Do you want to turn on the air conditioner or open the window?
W: I love fresh air if you don"t mind.
Q: What can be inferred from the woman"s answer?

9)
W: Hi, Michael, I can hardly recognize you ,why are you dressed up today? Are you going to the theatre?
M: No, actually, I just had an interview at the photo studio this morning.
Q: What do we learn about Michael from this conversation?

10)
M: Good morning ,what can I do for you ?
W: I"d like to have my emergency brake fixed. The car rolls when I park it on the hill.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?

Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Passage one

Last August, Susan and 42 other students got wet and dirty while removing six tons of garbage from the river running across their city. They cleaned up the river as part of a week-long environmental camp. Like one in three American rivers, this river is so polluted that it"s unsafe for swimming and fishing, still, Susan, who has just completed her third summer on the river clean-up ,scene has changed in this river." Since we started three years ago ,the river is getting a lot cleaner", she says. Environmental scientists praised the teenagers for removing garbage that can harm wild life. Water birds, for example, can choke on plastic bottle rings and get cut by scrap metal. Three years ago, when the clean-up started, garbage was everywhere, but this year, the teenagers had to hunt for garbage. They turn the clean-up into a competition to see who could find the most garbage and unload their boats fastest. By the end of the six hour shift, they have removed enough garbage to fill more than two large trucks." Seeing all their garbage in the river makes people begin to care about environmental issues," Susan says. She hopes that when others read that she and her peers care enough to clean it up, maybe they will think twice before they throw garbage in the river.

Questions 11-13 are based on the passage you have just heard.
11.What does the passage tell us about American rivers?
12.What did the students find when they came to the river this year?
13.What is the expected reaction of the local people to the students" efforts?

Passage two

Why do we cry? Can you imagine life without tears? Not only do tears keep your eyes lubricated, they also contain a substance that kills certain bacteria so they can"t infect your eyes. Give up your tears ,and you"ll lose this on-the-spot defense. Nobody wants to give up the flood of extra tears you produce when you get something physical or chemical in your eyes. Tears are very good at washing this irritating stuff out .Another thing you couldn"t do without your tears is cry from joy, anger or sadness. Humans are the only animals that produce tears in response to emotions, and most people say a good cry makes them feel better. Many scientists, therefore, believe that crying somehow helps us cope with emotional situations. Tear researcher, Winifred, is trying to figure out how it happens. One possibility he says is that tears discharge certain chemicals from your body, chemicals that build up during stress. When people talk about crying it out," I think that might actually be what they are doing", he says. If Fred is right, what do you think will happen to people who restrain their tears? Boys, for example, cry only about a quarter as often as girls once they reach teenage years, and we all cry a lot less now than we did as babies. Could it possibly be that we face less stress? Maybe we found another ways to deal with it, or maybe we just feel embarrassed.

Questions 14-17 are based on the passage you have just heard.
14.What"s the topic discussed in this passage?
15.What is Winifred trying to find out?
16.What does the passage say about teenage boys and girls?
17.What"s the difference between human beings and other animals when shedding tears?
　

Passage three

Imaging this： you wake up each morning to find your sister lying beside you, to get dressed and tie your shoes, you use one hand and she uses another. You do everything out together, too, even sitting on the same chair at lunch and riding on the same bicycle. That"s what life is like for six-year-old Betty and Abby. Like most twins, the two girls look very much alike, but unlike most twins, Betty and Abby share parts of the same body. Twins like Betty and Abby are rare. Only about 40 sets are born in the United States each year. Few survive as long as Betty and Abby. That"s because twins often share vital organs, like a heart or brain. The shared organs are often badly shaped and may not be strong enough to support both twins. But Betty and Abby each has her own head, heart and stomach which function normally. Because she has three or four lungs which provide plenty of oxygen for both twins. Most of their completely shared organs lie below the waist. Betty And Abby live relatively normal lives. They attend a regular school, and each does her own school work. They prefer to do some projects together, though, for example, to cut out paper dolls, one twin holds the paper, while the other uses the scissors. But sometimes, the girls don"t want to do the same thing, for example, sometimes they want to play with different toys. What do they do then? "We toss a coin", says Abby.

Questions 18-20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
18.In what aspect, do Betty and Abby differ from most twins?
19.What does the passage tell us about twins who share parts of the same body?
20.What does the passage say about the education of the twin girls?

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