大学英语六级考试历年真题精解谢忠明_谢忠明大学英语六级考试预测试卷（试卷一）解析

【shitiku.jxxyjl.com--四六级】

试卷一解析
NOTES
Part I Tapescript of Listening Comprehension
Section A
1. W: There is a direct flight at 10 o’clock or a flight at 2 this afternoon that stops over in San Francisco.
   W: I think I’d rather have the earlier one so I can go to work tomorrow.
   Q: What relationship do these people have?
2. W: Robert worked as a secretary for three years. Then he became a newspaperman. After that he started writing novels.
   M: I know. And he has been doing nothing else ever since.
   Q: What is the man’s occupation now?
3. M: What a lot of traffic! We shouldn’t have driven down the main street, not when it’s so crowded.
   W: Well, I told you, dear, didn’t I? I said the roads would be very busy, especially on Saturday.
   Q: Where did the conversation take place?
4. M: Louis, do you want me to try to fix that broken camera of yours?
   W: Thanks, but I already had it taken care of.
   Q: What happened to the camera?
5. M: When can I make the earliest appointment with Dr. Johnson?
   W: Dr. Johnson has appointments on Monday and Tuesday mornings, Thursday and Friday afternoons, and he has a conference the whole day Wednesday.
   Q: When can the man meet Dr. Johnson the earliest?
6. M: Have you made up your mind?
   W: Yes, I’ll give up biology and switch to archeology, where my interest lies.
   Q: What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
7. M: I’ve just recovered from a severe stroke. Would you kindly turn your TV down a bit ?
   W: Sorry. I didn’t know that.
   Q: What will the woman do?
8. W: I’m exhausted. I stayed up the whole night studying for my history midterm exam.
   M: Why do you always wait till the last minute?
   Q: What can be inferred about the woman?
9. W: Why do we have to finish this proposal tonight? It’s already six p.m. Can’t we complete it tomorrow?
   M: It has to go to the post office before twelve tonight. We must make sure that all the figures are correct.
   Q: How many hours at most do they have to finish the proposal?
10.M: People first sent signals by flags, some archaeologists observed.
   W: No. I think they exchanged news by smoke, hence the torch towers on the Great Wall.
   Q: What are they discussing?

Section B Spot Dictation
   To be successful in a job  interview, you should  demonstrate certain personal and professional qualities. You need to create a good image in the limited time  available, usually from 30 to 45 minutes. You must make  a positive impression which the interviewer will remember while he interviews other  candidates. The following are some qualities you should especially pay attention to during an interview. First of all, you should take care to appear to be properly dressed. The right clothes worn at the right time can  win respect of the interviewer and his  confidence in your judgement. It may not be true that clothes make a man. But the first and often last impression of you is determined by the clothes you wear. Secondly,  you should pay close attention to your manner of speaking, since speech is a reflection of personality. You should reflect confidence by speaking in a clear voice, loud enough to be heard, without being aggressive or overpowering. You should be prepared to talk knowledgeably about the requirements of the position you are applying for. Finally, to be really impressive you must convey a sense of selfconfidence and enthusiasm for work. If you display these characteristics, with just a little luck, you’ll certainly succe`ed in the typical personal interview.

Part II Reading Comprehension
11. 细节题。文章第二段的倒数第二句话提到“Schools are businesses, whether public or private, not usually because of mismanagement but because of the nature of the enterprise.” 可知不是因为管理不善，而是因为性质决定。

12. 语义题。本文第一段和第二段谈到了学校的财政困难的问题以及探讨了其产生的原因。作者在第二段中否认低入学率是造成财政困难的原因，指出即便学校满注册，仍会面临财政困难。不难推断，这里的go under, 指的是陷入困境。

13. 主题题。解此题要明确作者写此篇文章的目的。从文章第三段可知，作者认为使高等教学机构摆脱困境的办法可以通过实现教育机构的私有化，资助学校方式的多样化有助于带来教育形式的多样化。（参见文章第三段的第三句话和倒数第四句话）。选项C带有一定的迷惑性，意思不够明确，教育的多样化并不等同于教育形式的多样化。

14. 是非题。选项A、B、D均与文章的事实矛盾。选项C可根据文章第三段第四句话和第五句话“There is no basis for arguing that private schools are inherently better than public schools. Examples to the contrary abound.” (并没有根据说私立学校比公立学校好，实际上大量相反的例子存在。)推出。

15. 推断题。本题仍与作者写此篇文章的意图有关。文章第三段的第三句话指出挽救陷于财政困境的学校的办法是保持学校的私立性，而这种努力是一种“national necessity”，可推知，作者希望唤起人们的觉悟和支持，意识到这种做法的必要性。

16. 根据文章第一段的首句“A close analogy to a study design is the rough sketch made by an artist before he commits his vision to canvas.” (一项研究的设计就好比画家将头脑中的意想付诸画布之前所画的草图一样)，便可得出答案。

17. 主旨题。文章第一段介绍了研究设计；第二段说明研究设计的目的就是要看这种研究方法在有关青少年方面的作用；后面三段谈这种研究方法在研究青少年犯罪方面的贡献和优点。答案B概括了主旨。

18. 语义题。第四段第二行中“undertaken during the earliest stage of the project”是“an extensive survey of previous researches on crime”的定语，而其中的crime 具体指的就是青少年犯罪。

19. 单句理解题。根据文章第三段的最后一句话“This study makes an additional contribution by using a design specially planned to permit a comparison of several approaches.” 可得出答案。

20. 推断题。根据文章的最后一段最后一句话指出，实验性研究给方法和发现带来的最主要的贡献之一就是将三种设计研究类型结合在一起，目的是为了将它们的发现彼此联系，并且根据产生的数据对研究者的有用程度大小来评估这些研究类型的相对重要性。由此，可推知答案。

21. 细节题。文章第一段第一句讲述了人们总担心联邦特工窥探我们的私生活，而文章第一段第二句But the private Sector outdoes the government every time 清楚说明私营企业尤其后面谈及的商业领域泄漏私密远超过政府部门，所以D正确。

22. 细节题。第二段的第二句话The legislators lean toward letting business people track our financial habits virtually at will 是D选项等值叙述，legislators 就是立法者，virtually at will 也即give a free hand,意为“任意地”，所以D正确。

23. 细节题。文章第四段第二句及第三句话告诉我们如果30天内客户不在此期限内取消免费试用服务的话，服务商将通过其银行和信用卡自动收取费用。

24. 细节题。文章倒数第二段第一句话You have almost no protection from businesses that use your personal accounts for profit 告诉我们企业利用你的个人账户赚取利润，而受不到任何法律保护，紧接着的举例也充分说明B正确。

25. 推断题。文章最后一段讲述了虽然用户被告知所有私人信息是绝密的，而经营商言行不一致，他们出卖用户信息营利，并宣称只是共享信息资料，由此我们可推测这种做法将继续下去，也即用户个人隐私会继续受到侵犯。

26. 推断题。依据文章的第一段的末句，可知作者根据民意测验得出的结论，选项C是第一段的末句的同义替换。

27. 细节理解题。文章第二段用一系列的“should we not...”和“should we”给出了作者的建议和看法，他认为不能把就业当作惟一的标准，应当鼓励那些自重的人们以其他的方式参与工作。

28. 推断题。依据文章第三段的第一句话和第二句话可知：工业时代是人类历史上惟一一个人们的工作大多以job形式出现的时代；随着工业时代的结束，工业时代带来的人们工作方式上的变化将会得到逆转。由此可推断出，工业革命的到来使得人们的工作方式发生了变化。

29. 段落理解题。文章的第四段指出了17世纪和18世纪的圈地运动带来的后果（参见该段的首句和末句）：圈地运动使人们丧失土地，失去了谋生的手段而不得不离开家去其他地方找工作。

30. 推断题。根据文章的末段第二句话“The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the impractical goal of creating jobs for all...” 中的“impractical”这个词可推出答案。

Part III Vocabulary
31．【考点】名词辨析。penalty“处罚；刑罚；罚款；罚金额”；option“选择；供选择的人或物；选课”；obligation“义务；责任；合同；契约”；duty“税；关税”。
    【译文】一些国家对于逃税者课以沉重的罚金。
32．【考点】名词辨析。integrity“正直；诚实”；compactness“紧密；结实”；temperament“脾气；气质；性格；性情”；robustness“强壮；强健”。
    【译文】要当冠军，光有技巧和好身体还不够，还必须有良好的素质。
33．【考点】形容词辨析。vicious “恶毒的；凶残的”，如：vicious rumor 恶毒的谣言； impatient “不耐烦的”；equivalent（to） “相等的；等价的；相当的”,如：Changing his work like that is equivalent to giving him the sack. 那样调换他的工作就等于是解雇他。turbulent“动荡的；混乱的；汹涌的；狂暴的”，如：turbulent weather 恶劣的天气；turbulent period动荡的时期。
    【译文】警察无法控制混乱的示威游行，因而部队赶来援助。
34．【考点】动词辨析。identify “认出；辨别；鉴定；确定”；notify sb. of sth“通知某人某事”； guarantee“保证；担保；保证书；保修期”； convey“表达；传达；传递；运送；运输”。
    【译文】光线太暗，我无法认出她来。
35. 【考点】动词辨析。revive “恢复；复苏”；如：revive economy复苏经济；revive interest恢复兴趣; recover“恢复，痊愈；寻回；使复原，使康复”；reside “定居，居住；存在于”；remind（sb.）of sth./that “提醒；使想起；使发生联想”；如：The smell of lily always reminds me of our old house. 百合花香总使我想起我们的旧宅。
    【译文】对我们周围的事物进行创造性地观察会唤醒我们对于生活的惊叹之情。
36．【考点】名词辨析。incentive “刺激；鼓励；动机；物质刺激”；imagination“想像”；intuition“直觉；直觉力”；indication“指示；征兆；迹象”。
    【译文】提高生产率便给予额外奖励，这一做法激励了大家更加努力地工作。
37. 【考点】名词辨析。insight“洞察力；洞悉；深入的了解”；gain/provide/give an insight into sth.对…有深入的了解；presentation “赠送；提出；提供；表演；陈述；描述”；revelation “透露；揭示；显示”；specification“明确说明；（复数）规格；规范”；如：the technical specifications of a new car新汽车的技术规格。
    【译文】他使我对于英国文学有了深入的了解。
38．【考点】形容词辨析。negligible“可忽略不计的；微不足道的”；如：negligible amount微不足道的数量; eligible “合格的；有资格的”；如：be eligible for pension 有资格得到养老金的；delegated“委派的”；quantitative“数量的；定量的”。
    【译文】只有在美国出生的人才有资格做美国总统。
39. 【考点】 形容词辨析。naive “天真的”；illiterate “文盲的；没文化的”；ignorant（of/about） “对…无知的；不知道的”；unaware （of）“对… 没有意识到的”。
    【译文】许多青少年对时事一无所知，实在令人吃惊。
40．【考点】形似词辨析。executive “执行的；行政的”；execute “实施；执行；完成；处决”；如：execute a murderer处决一谋杀犯；execute a plan 执行一项计划； editorial “社论”；exempt (from) “免除；豁免”；如：His bad eyesight exempted him from military service.他视力不好，因而免服兵役。
    【译文】研究生会是由一个执行委员会管理的，它由干事和各研究生课程的代表组成。
41．【考点】名词辨析。revenue“收益，特指国家税收；收入；收益”；privilege“特权；优惠；优待”；validity“合法性；效力”；efficiency“效率；功效”。
    【译文】经济衰退使政府的税收大大地减少了。
42．【考点】形容词辨析。 patriotic“爱国的”； luminous“发亮的；发光的；光明的；清楚的；易懂的”；如：state in luminous words用明白的话陈述；tentative “试探性的；实验性的”；如：a tentative conclusion 试探性的结论；reciprocal “相互的；互惠的”；如：reciprocal trade agreements 互惠贸易协定。
    【译文】由于听众在这一领域知识贫乏，教授不得不用明白易懂的语言解释这一深奥的理论。
43．【考点】名词辨析。inspiration “灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事物”；sentiment“感情；情绪；意见；观点”；如：There is no room for sentiment in business. 做生意不能凭感情用事。hypothesis“假说；假定；前提”；sympathy“同情；怜悯”。
    【译文】我不管他是谁的侄子，雇员必须择优录用，而不能感情用事。
44．【考点】形容词辨析。cognitive“认知的”；imperative “必要的；紧急的”；indicative (of) “指示的；陈诉的”；如：The resumption of talks is indicative of an improving relationship between the two countries. 恢复谈判表明两国间的关系有所改善。prospective “预期的；未来的；可能的”；如：a prospective buyer可能的购房者。
    【译文】孩子不是电脑；一个上三年级的孩子的认知能力很大程度取决于他或她是否受到教育和享有幸福。
45. 【考点】动词辨析。testify “作证，证明；表明；说明”；如：This excellent book testifies to the author’s ability. 这本杰出的著作证明了作者的能力。verify “核实；查对；证实”；certify “证明；证实；发证书给”；如：a certified teacher 持有证书的合格教师； rectify “纠正；修复”。
    【译文】财务上的错误可以通过用正确的数字来替换不正确的数字得到改正。
46．【考点】形容词辨析。interior“内的；内部的；内地的；腹地的；室内的；国内的”；如：an interior lake内陆湖；the interior trade国内贸易；external“外在的；外部的”；internal“内在的；内部的；本质的；内服的；本部的”；exterior“外部的；外面的；外表的；外交上的”；如：an exterior policy对外政策。
    【译文】他的父亲是位著名的室内设计师，会在装潢新房上给予你很多帮助。
47．【考点】名词辨析。tariff “关税”； expense “花费；费用；开支”；at the expense of “由…负担费用；以…为代价”；expenditure “经费；费用；支出额”；如：expenditure on defense 国防开支； interests“利息；兴趣；爱好”。
    【译文】对出口商品征高额关税是一个常常用来保护国内工业的办法。
48．【考点】形容词辨析。imaginary “想像的；虚构的”；如：an imaginary figure 虚构的人物； imaginative “富有想像力的”； imaginable “可以想像的；想得到的”；如：save the patient by every means imaginable用一切可能的办法抢救病人；imagining 是 imagine的现在分词。
    【译文】通常说来，孩子比成年人更富有想像力。
49．【考点】动词辨析。catch “抓住，逮住”；capture “俘获；捕获；夺得；占领”；prey (on) “捕食；折磨”；fall prey to 成为…的牺牲品；深受其害；pray “祈祷”。
    【译文】在过去很长的一段时间，人们认为这种动物以捕食鸟类和老鼠为生。
50．【考点】动词辨析。submit (to) “屈服；听从；提交；呈交”；如：We refused to submit to their control.我们拒绝受他们的控制。 consent (to) “准许；同意；赞成”；如：My parents would never consent to such a unsuitable marriage. 我父母绝对不会同意这桩不合适的婚姻。yield (to) “屈服；顺从；倒塌”；comply (with) “遵从；依从；服从”; 如：comply with certain standards符合某些标准。
    【译文】这所大学的学生都得遵守规章制度。
51. 【考点】动词辨析。hunt“猎取；狩猎”；haunt“鬼魂常出没于；萦绕；使苦恼；使担忧”；如：Mary was haunted by the fear that her husband was having an affair. 玛丽担心她的丈夫有外遇，并为此而伤神。 track “追踪；跟踪”；notify“通知”。
    【译文】十九世纪的美国人为这样一种前景担忧： 国家经济史无前例的变化将带来社会的动乱。
52．【考点】形容词词组。subject to“服从的；隶属的；易遭受；易受支配”；如：Are you subject to colds? 你易患感冒吗？We are subject to the law of the land. 我们必须遵守当地的法律。similar to“与…相似”；contrary to “与…相反”；adjacent to “与…相毗连”。
    【译文】他十分容易激动，因此易发心脏病。
53．【考点】名词辨析。diet “日常的饮食，食谱”；application“应用”；consumption“消费，消耗；吃掉；吞噬”；flavor “风味”。
    【译文】如图所示：过多食用糖会造成血糖不平衡，蛀牙及体重增加。
54．【考点】动词辨析。simulate “模拟；模仿”； substitute (for) “替代”； project “投射；放映”；review“复习；回顾；审查；评论；检阅”；如：The government is reviewing its foreign policy. 政府正在回顾其外交政策。review troops检阅部队。
    【译文】科学家们努力开发能够模拟人类思维过程的电脑。
55. 【考点】名词辨析。根据that后所表述的法国人吃那么多丰富食物而患心脏病率较低的事实，我们可以知道二者相矛盾，所以B正确。
    【译文】法国人吃那么多丰富食品而患心脏病率相对较低是相矛盾的。
56．【考点】动词辨析。refine “精练；精制；提纯；使优美；使完善”；如：Gasoline is refined from the crude oil.汽油是从原油提炼的。reinforce“增强；加强；增援”；如：reinforce the front增援前线；relieve “缓和；减轻；使轻松；使宽慰”；如：relieve one’s pain减轻痛苦；He felt relieved.他感到宽慰。renew “重新开始；继续；更新；恢复”；如：renew old tires 更换旧的轮胎；renew the discussion重新开始讨论。
    【译文】他使自己的趣味爱好和举止仪态变得高雅完美，成为了一名真正的绅士。
57. 【考点】动词形似词辨析。 detain “扣留；拘留；耽搁”；retain “保留；保持”； refrain (from)“抑制；克制；戒除”；如：He refrained from smoking. 他克制住自己不吸烟。 contain“包含，包括”。
    【译文】这位官员检查了我们的护照和旅行文件后将我们扣留了，因为我们的旅行证件不见了。
58. 【考点】 形容词辨析。temporary “临时的；暂时的”；permanent “永远的；固定的”；chronic“慢性的；长期的”；acute“急性的；剧烈的；敏锐的”；如：an acute eyesight敏锐的眼力。
    【译文】这种药物治愈了折磨她二十年的慢性咳嗽。
59. 【考点】动词辨析。cruise“航行；航游；游弋；缓慢地巡行”；patrol“巡逻；巡查；在…巡逻”；glide“（飞机等）滑翔；滑行；游动”；pilot“驾驶（飞机等），为（船舶等）引航或操航”；pilot a ship through the canal引领船只通过运河。
    【译文】 去年夏天，我和父母乘船到青岛度假。
60．【考点】形容词辨析。united “联合的”；unanimous“一致的；一致同意的”；universal“宇宙的；普遍的”；ultimate“最终的；最后的”。
    【译文】 全国学术委员会一致同意授予她荣誉学位。

Part V Writing
Model Essay

Positive and Negative Effects of the Internet

   The Internet is a miracle in human society for it introduces new concepts and living styles into our life. The imagined world created by the Internet offers us a window to exchange ideas, explore information and entertain ourselves at our own pace. Our traditional way of communication is undergoing a revolutionary change with new forms of communication like BBS, e-mails and online chatting becoming prevailing. And information is at our finger’s tips the instant we are online, which facilitates the sharing and utilizing of information to the greatest extent. The coming E-commerce boom will turn e-life into a reality. The Internet, though invisible and intangible, has become an indispensable part of our life.
   Meanwhile, negative effects of the Internet have posed a big problem to us. The Internet can be addictive as alcohol and threaten people’s psychological well-being. Like a kaleidoscope, the Internet presents a world of fantasies. If people live in fantasies for too long, they may become anti-social and alienated from the real world. And the Internet can be a breeding ground of crimes. Hackers aim at attacking and paralyzing sites. Vulgar rubbish and erotic sites may corrupt kids- mind.
   In my opinion, the invention of the Internet is a technological breakthrough which has brought incomparable conveniences and changes to human beings. Though inevitably the Internet has given rise to new social problems, it should not be the target of criticism because it is not the fault of the Net but the fault of those who abuse it.

试卷二解析
NOTES
Part I Tapescript of  Listening Comprehension
Section A
1. W: This course wasn’t supposed to be hard.
   M: But it sure turned out to be, didn’t it?
   Q: What does the woman think about the course?
2. M: There was a party on our school campus Sunday evening. Did you go?
   W: Had I known about the party, I would have been present for it.
   Q: What do we learn about the woman?
3. M: Was I supposed to give the seminar presentation this week?
   W: No. I assigned it to Joan.
   Q: What will happen this week?
4. W: I’d better read one of the articles for our economics class.
   M: You can’t read just one. Each presents a different theory, you know.
   Q: What does the man tell the woman she must do?
5. M: I agree with your proposal at the meeting yesterday. It was a good one.
   W: You should have backed me up then when I needed it.
   Q: What does the woman mean?
6. W: I’m just looking for a bike that will get me to the library and back.
   M: With the roads the way they are, you will need a sturdy one.
   Q: What does the man imply?
7. W: Hello, I am a senior student. Could you tell me whether this reference room is only for   aculty members?
   M: No, the postgraduates and undergraduates can come too if they have their professor’s written permission.
   Q: Can the woman study in the reference room?
8. W: What would you say to a seafood dinner?
   M: I don’t want to pay twice as much for a seafood dinner.
   Q: What does the man mean?
9. W: When are you going to have your eyes checked?
   M: I had to cancel my appointment. I couldn’t fit it in.
   Q: What does the man mean?
10.W: How was the English exam you took yesterday?
   M: Not as easy as I expected, I did fairly well on the reading section but I made quite a few mistakes on grammar.
   Q: What did the man say about his test?

Section B
Passage One
   Flexible working hours were invented in Germany in the late 1960s, but reached Britain in 1972. The system allows workers to start and finish work whenever they want, with only two requirements. These are: firstly, that all workers must be present for certain “key” times in the day, and secondly, that all workers must work the agreed total number of hours per week.
 The system has proved an almost total success wherever it has been tried. A survey of 700 workers on flexible hours showed three main advantages: a better balance between working and private life, avoidance of the need to travel during rush hours and the ability to be able to finish a certain task before leaving.
   From the employer’s point of view, the system tends to increase productivity, reduce labor turnover first. “Flexible time” was mainly confined to white collar workers, but it now being applied to manual workers too.
11. What people firstly used flexible working hours?
12. Which one of the following may be best used to describe the flexible system?
13. What’s one of the main advantages of “Flextime” for workers?

Passage Two
   Our environment is being polluted faster than nature and man’s present efforts can prevent it. Time is bringing us more people, and more people will bring us more industry, more motor vehicles, larger cities, and the growing use of man-made materials.
   What can explain and solve this problem? The fact is that pollution is caused by man—by his desire for a modern way of life. We make increasing industrialization our chief aim. For its sake, we are willing to sacrifice everything: clean air, pure water, good food, our health and the future of our children. There is a constant flow of people from the countryside into the cities, eager for the benefits of modern society. But as our technological achievements have grown in the last twenty years, so pollution has become a serious problem.
   Isn’t it time we stopped to ask ourselves where we are going and why? It reminds one of the story about the airline pilot who told his passengers over the loudspeaker: “I’ve some good news and some bad news. The good news is that we’re making rapid progress at 530 miles per hour. The bad news is that we are lost and don’t know where we’re going.” The sad fact is that this becomes a true story when applied to our modern society.
14. Why can’t man prevent the world from being polluted?
15. According to the passage, what does man value among the following?
16. What does the story about the pilot indicate?

Passage Three
   As a result of rising university costs, many students are finding it necessary to take on part-time jobs. To make finding those jobs easier, the placement service has put together a listing of what is available locally. For some students, these part-time jobs could lead to the full-time work after graduation, as they may offer experience in their own field, be that finance, marketing or even management. For example, national savings bank offers work on a half time basis. That’s 20 hours per week. Retail stores and restaurants have positions requiring fewer hours. Even less time is expected of those providing child care. We have a number of families registered with us who are looking for baby-sitters for as few as four hours a week. For students who prefer outdoor work, there’re seasonal positions right on campus, working with the gardening and landscaping teams. These often require the most time and they are the least flexible in terms of scheduling. To see a complete list of these and other available jobs, including the salary offered and the hours required, stop by our office and be sure to bring a resume with you. When you find something that interests you, we’ll put you in touch with the person offering it. In addition, our counselors will give you hints about a successful interviewing.
17. What’s the purpose of the talk?
18. What should students bring with them to the office?
19. What will the counselors at the office help students do?
20. What do the jobs have in common?

Part II Reading Comprehension
21. 结论题。本题问Lauderslager的实验结果，解本题要找出Lauderslager的实验结果或发现。依据文章的第一段的倒数第二句话，由“Lauderslager found”引出的后面的话即为Lauderslager的实验结果或发现。

22. 推断题。依据文章第二段的第三行“But if the animal (指的是rats)are confronted with situations they have no control over, they later behave passively when faced with experiences they can control.”可推出答案，选项C是该句话的同义替换。

23. 细节理解题。根据文章的第三段的第五行“Associating the saccharin with stomach pains, the mice quickly learned to avoid the sweetener.” 可知由于老鼠将胃疼和甜味剂联系在一起，所以它们才回避糖精。

24. 推断题。依据文章的第三段的末句Lauderslager对老鼠死亡的推测“... he had so successfully conditioned the rats that saccharin alone now serves to weaken their immune systems enough to kill them.” （他成功地利用了糖精和药物使老鼠产生了条件反射，使得老鼠的心理产生变化，只用糖精就会削弱它们的免疫系统使其致死）可推知答案。

25. 结论题。本题仍是上题的延续。通过条件反射会削弱老鼠的免疫系统。

26 主旨题。文章第一段讲了北美殖民地城市的发展和欧洲的不同；第二段和第三段分别阐述了北美大西洋沿岸城市的发展和南方种植园的发展。选项B概括了文章的主要内容。

27. 主旨题。依据文章第一段的首句可知：欧洲的城市发展与北美的不同之处在于前者的城市发展缓慢而后者的城市发展迅猛，由此可知两者比较的基准是发展的速度。

28. 单句理解题。根据文章的第二段的第三行给出了原因“Because these areas were nearest England and France....” 由此可推断出选项C为正确答案。

29. 段落理解题。文章的第三段探讨了南方种植园的各方面的内容：种植园的地理位置的特点（通常靠近水路，便于运送货物）；种植园的经济是自给自足；但并没有谈到种植园居民和城市居民的关系。故答案为C。

30. 细节理解题。文章的第二段的末句指出，大西洋沿岸的城市是加工用于出口的原材料的理想的地点“Here, too, were the favored locations for processing raw materials prior to export.”

31. 推断题。依据文章的第一段的第二句话“The act...and the policies...pete with economic interests.”可推知对濒危动物的保护是一个很有争议的问题是因为影响了某些利益集团的利益。

32.  推断题。根据文章的第二段的第二句话“...with populations growing so rapidly that using the land is a means to temporarily avoid worsening poverty and starvation.” （利用土地，开发雨林是发展中国家暂时避免贫穷和饥饿的途径）。我们可推知，若阻止发展中国家开发热带雨林，就会妨碍发展中国家与贫穷做斗争。

33.  细节理解题。本题同样依据第二段的第二句话“...with populations growing so rapidly that using the land is a means to temporarily avoid worsening poverty and starvation.”注意“temporarily”一词，它表明砍伐树木种植庄稼只能是一个暂时的缓解粮食问题的办法。

34.  指代题。依据文章的第三段的首句“Many of the changes that concern scientists have the potential to rob the planets of its biological richness.” 这句话指出了科学家忧虑的问题，选项C)“the reduction of biological diversity”是对于“rob the planets of its biological richness”的同义替换。

35.  主旨题。从文章的末段的结尾一句话“But solutions to humanity’s current problems will come only through coordinated international efforts to control...”可得出答案，选项D)“through the cooperation of nations”是“through coordinated international efforts”的同义替换。

36.  细节题。文章第一段第三句话讲恐怖分子把美国移民体制的弱点纳入到他们的计划中去，而恰好文章第一段最后一句话正好具体讲述了移民归化局的弱点，即低效率，所以D正确。

37. 细节题。文章第二段第二句9·11事件后，美国法案要求FBI、司法部、移民归化局等共享更多信息资料以把列为恐怖分子者阻断在边境，B选项正合此意。

38. 推断题。从文章第一段第二句话我们知道外籍持假证件偷渡入境者及合法入境者经常超期滞留美国而得不到任何处罚，我们可推知，这些外国人在9·11事件发生前，想呆多久就呆多久，所以C正确。

39. 细节题。从文章最后一段最后两句话我们可以知道移民归化局这些年来太注重服务于游客和移民，而没有更多关注上百万美国人的人身安全维系于其工作，C选项正合此意。

40. 细节题。文章第四段第二句冒号后清楚说明两大原因，其中之一是美国大学，第二是美国企业需外国廉价劳动力，所以A正确。

Part III　Vocabulary
41. 【考点】动词辨析。disperse“使分散；使驱散；赶散；疏散；消散；消失”，如：The clouds have dispersed from the sky. 天空中的乌云已经消散了。dispatch “派遣；调遣；发送”，如：dispatch the parcel 发送包裹；deposit “使沉淀；使沉积；存放；寄存；储蓄”；detach (from) “拆卸；使分开；使分离”，如：detach a link from a chain从链子上拆下一个链环。
    【译文】警察用催泪瓦斯赶散愤怒的示威者。
42. 【考点】同后缀名词的辨析。appreciation “欣赏；感激；理解”；absorption“吸收；理解；吸引注意力”；assumption“假设；假定；担任，承担”，如：assumption of office 任职；attention“注意；注意力”，常用搭配：draw/attract one’s attention吸引某人的注意力。
    【译文】观众对于小丑的表演表现出了赞赏之情。
43. 【考点】名词辨析。partner“合伙人；舞伴；合作者”；enemy“敌人”；rival“竞争对手”；companion“同伴；伴侣；同事”。
    【译文】虽然这两位球员在网球场上是对手，但他们实际上是好朋友。
44．【考点】名词辨析。stability “稳定性；稳固性”；capability“能力”；capacity “容量；容积；才能；能力”；如：The seating capacity of this theatre is 500. 这个剧院有500个座位。permanence “永远；永久性”。
    【译文】这个国家的经济危机已经威胁到了政府的稳固。
45．【考点】形容词辨析。urgent “紧急的；危急的”；instant“立刻的；片刻的”；prompt“敏捷的；及时的；迅速的”，如：make a prompt reply立即作了答复；hasty“草率的，轻率的；匆忙的；仓促完成的”，如：make a hasty diagnosis 草草作了一个诊断。
    【译文】我们应当记住, 仓促的决定常常带来令人悔恨不已的结果。
46．【考点】名词辨析。compensation “补偿（或赔偿的）款物；补偿；赔偿”，如：claim compensation索赔；reward“报答；奖赏；报酬；酬金”，如：The police are offering a reward for information about the murder. 警方在悬赏取得谋杀案的线索。pension“养老金；抚恤金”；interests “利息；利益”。
    【译文】尽管他要离家三个月，但作为补偿，他能享有额外的空闲时间并且还有机会可以结交不同的人。
47．【考点】近义词辨析。sick“病的，有病的”； paralyzed“麻痹的，瘫痪的”；dumb“哑的，不能说话的”；handicapped“有残疾的”；handicapped persons残疾人。
    【译文】老人及有残疾的人最好住平房，不用爬楼梯。
48．【考点】动词辨析。confirm “进一步证实”； strive“努力；奋斗，奋力”，如：strive against fate与命运抗争；fail to do sth.“无法做某事；失败”； adhere to sth. / to doing sth. “坚持”，如： adhere to one’s stand 坚持某人的立场。
    【译文】每个人都应当努力提高自我表达能力，使得自己能够更好地与他人交流。
49．【考点】动词辨析。inspire “给…以灵感；激励；鼓励”；overwhelm“感情上使受不了；使不知所措；征服；制服”，如：Emotion overwhelmed the actor when he won an award.这位演员得了奖激动得不知该怎么办。Our army overwhelmed the enemy. 我们的军队击败了敌人。 contradict“与…相矛盾”；comfort“安慰；使感到舒服”。
    【译文】神话曾经给世界上的许多伟大的诗人、艺术家、音乐家和科学家以灵感。
50．【考点】后缀相同的词的辨析。correct“改正；纠正”；contract“收缩；缩小；感染；染上；订立”，如：He contracted a bad cold when traveling. 他旅行时染上了重感冒。subtract“减去，减掉”； distract“转移注意力；使分心”。
    【译文】皇室丑闻转移了媒体对于经济危机的注意力。
51．【考点】形容词辨析。delicate “精致的；脆弱的”； minor“较小的；较少的；次要的”； miniature “小型的；微小的；微小的模型；缩影”；trivial “不重要的；琐碎的”,如：a trivial problem 一个琐碎的问题。
    【译文】我过来时，他们正在为谁该去厨房拿面包这样的鸡毛蒜皮的小事争论。
52．【考点】形容词辨析。clumsy“笨拙的；笨手笨脚的”； inconvenient “不方便的”；funny“有趣的；滑稽的”；awkward“难堪的；尴尬的；棘手的；难操纵的；笨拙的；不灵活的”，如：Our guests came at an awkward time.我们的客人在不方便的时候来了。
    【译文】他发了一通火之后，他们之间有一阵难堪的沉默。
53．【考点】动词辨析。mingle“使混合；使相混；混合起来；相混合”，如：His account mingled truth with exaggeration.他的叙述既有真实之处，又有夸大之词。fuse“金属熔合”；stir“搅动；搅拌”； merge “兼并；使结合；使合并；使合为一体”。
    【译文】刺客混在人群中，企图在有机会时朝首相开枪。
54．【考点】动词辨析。interpret“解释；诠释；翻译”；intervene “干涉；妨碍；干预”；inherit “继承”；impart“给予；告知；透露；赋予”，如：impart knowledge to students向学生传授知识。
    【译文】在许多文化中，那些被认为具有解析梦的人往往受到高度的尊重。
55. 【考点】动词辨析。decorate “装饰；装潢”； animate “赋予生命；使活泼；使有生气”；stipulate “规定；约定”；insulate“使绝缘；使隔热；使隔音；隔离”，如：insulate the room from the noise使房间隔音。
    【译文】用手直接触摸把手十分危险，最好要用塑料布包住把手使之绝缘。
56. 【考点】动词辨析。conflict (with) “与…相抵触；与…相冲突”；confront “面临；面对；迎面遇到；遭遇；勇敢地面对；正视”，如： We must confront the future with optimism. 我们必须乐观地面对未来。compete“竞争”；combat“战斗；搏斗”。
    【译文】这个新王国面临的一个迫切的问题是其公民的教育问题。
57．【考点】动词辨析。conserve“保护；保藏；保存”，这个词含有节约着使用某物的含义，如：We must conserve water during the drought. 我们在旱季要节约用水。shield (from) “保护；防护”；relieve “减轻；宽慰”；preserve“维护；保存；维持；腌制”。
    【译文】在冬天应保护眼睛避开雪地反射过来的光。
58．【考点】名词辨析。challenge“挑战”；compromise“妥协；折中办法”，如：reach a compromise 达成妥协；consequence “结果，后果；重要性”，常用词组：in consequence “因此；结果”；sequence“连续；接续；一连串”，如：in sequence 按顺序；a sequence of disasters一连串灾难。
    【译文】第一次世界大战给新世界的所有的资本主义国家都带来了深远的影响。
59．【考点】名词辨析。explosion“爆炸”；exploration由动词explore转化而来, explore的意思是“勘探；勘察；探测；研究；探究”；exploitation由动词exploit 转化而来，exploit的意思是“剥削；利用；开发；开采”；explanation“解释”。
    【译文】对于关闭铁路这一问题的正反理由已经开始进行了全面考察。
60．【考点】动词辨析。exaggerate “夸张；夸大其辞”； aggravate“使恶化；加重；加剧；激怒；使恼火”，如：He aggravated his condition by leaving the hospital too soon.他过早离开医院使他的病情加重了。 amend “修改；修订；改进”；assimilate“吸收；消化；使同化”，如：assimilate new ideas 吸收新思想。
    【译文】持续的动荡使国家的经济恶化。
61．【考点】动词辨析。review“审查；复查；回顾；复习；检阅”，如：The scientists reviewed all the data. 科学家复查了所有的数据。survey“调查；勘测；全面审视；概括论述”，如：survey the damage left by the earthquake 调查地震造成的损失；screen“掩蔽；遮蔽；审查；甄别；放映；播放”，如：One hundred carefully screened people were invited to meet the President. 邀请了一百位经过仔细审查的人会见总统。monitor “监测；检测；监听；监视；监听器；检测器”，如：monitor the water flow by computer用计算机检测水流。
    【译文】当踩踏健身自行车时，机器会监测你的脉搏和呼吸。
62．【考点】动词辨析。evolve “进化；使演化；使发展”，如：Some people believe that we evolved from the apes. 有些人认为我们是从类人猿进化而来的。 resolve “解决；决心”，如：resolve a problem/a dispute 解决问题/冲突；involve“牵涉；包含；使卷入”； revolve与around 连用表示“围绕”。
    【译文】目前的争论围绕着是否其他的代表应当出席。
63．【考点】名词辨析。tolerance “容忍；忍耐力”；dependence “依赖”，常与介词 on 搭配；resistance “抵抗力；耐…”，常与介词to 搭配，如：The insects developed a resistance to the insecticide. 一些昆虫对杀虫剂产生了抵抗力。persistence“坚持不懈”。
    【译文】一些鱼比其他鱼具有更强的耐酸性水的能力。
64．【考点】动词辨析。design“设计”； resign“辞职”；designate“指定；标出；把…定名为”，如： designate someone as a spokesman 指定某人为发言人；sign “签名；签署”。
    【译文】这所学校被指定为晚间艺术俱乐部聚会的场所。
65．【考点】形容词辨析。sensitive (to) “敏感的；灵敏的；神经过敏的；容易生气的”；sensible “明智的；合情理的”；sentimental “多愁善感的”；sensational “轰动的；具有轰动效应的；激起情感的；耸人听闻的”。
    【译文】体温计的水银对于温度的变化很敏感。
66．【考点】名词辨析。transition “过渡；转变”，如：The company is still in transition from one boss from another.这家公司仍处在老板更迭的过渡时期。 transfer“搬；转移；调动；转学；转车；换乘”；transfusion“输送；输血”；transport“交通；交通工具”。
    【译文】美国的年轻人觉得很容易对待由青年到成年的过渡时期。
67．【考点】动词辨析。retain“保持；保留原来的东西”； maintain“维持；维护；维修；保养；坚持；主张”，如： maintain equipment 维修设备；maintain one’s ground坚持立场； sustain“保持；使持续下去；支持；支撑；供养；维持”，如：sustain a family养家；sustain the weight 承受重量； remain“保持某一种状态”。
    【译文】这个书架能够承受所有这些书的重量吗？
68．【考点】形容词辨析。indifferent 常与介词to搭配使用，表示“对…漠不关心；对…不感兴趣”； detached 常与介词 from 搭配，表示“冷淡；冷漠的”；conscientious “有责任心的；负责的”；confidential“秘密的；机密的”。
    【译文】他头晕忽忽的，因而对周围发生的事毫不关心。
69．【考点】动词辨析。withdraw “撤退；撤消；收回；提取”，如：withdraw money提钱；withdraw the proposal撤回提议；revolt“反叛；起义；使生反感；使厌恶”； revenge “为…报仇”，如：He revenged himself on all the people who insulted him. 他向所有侮辱他的人报了仇。assault“袭击；攻击”。
    【译文】一些武装叛乱分子袭击了营地外值勤的卫兵，伤了两人。
70．【考点】动词辨析。reclaim“使改过；使改正；感化；开垦；开拓；回收利用（废物）”，如：reclaim swampland for agriculture开垦沼泽地使之适于农业生产；reclaim scraps 回收废铁；proclaim“公布；宣告；声明”，如：The president proclaimed that he would seek reelection. 总统宣布将争取连任。signify“表示有…的意思；有…的意思；表明；表示；示意”，如：He signifies consent with a nod. 他点头表示同意。exclaim“呼喊；大声说”。
    【译文】MS表示理学硕士，而MA代表的意思是文学硕士。

Part V Writing
Model Essay

The Changes in China’s Foreign Trade

   Spurred by the fast growing economy, China has witnessed booming trade in the decade. As shown in the chart, before 1978, the foreign trade increased but slowly. China then followed a policy of “self-reliance” and mainly traded raw materials and traditional goods for industrial equipment. After 1978, the rapid economic growth demanded importation of high-technology, which in turn boosted its development. China is now capable of providing the world market with a variety of high quality products. Foreign trade, being of increasing importance, has been spiraling upward.
   It is the “open door” policy that has brought about the necessity. Especially after 1986, China made quite a few big decisions, which included opening up many cities to overseas investors, encouraging private business and promoting cultural exchange and cooperation. As a result, joint ventures and private companies mushroomed everywhere in China. Foreign investment and advanced technology flowed in. China has made staggering progress in the productivity now higher than ever before. The Chinese people are confident that a more open China has a bright future.
   This year China has decided to open her doors wider than ever to the world. Only continuing increase is expected in foreign trade.

 

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