[中国名校六百家]中国名校六级密卷(国防科技大学)(11)（上）

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国防科技大学外语系 粟进英

Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension(20 minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Example:You will hear: 
M: When shall we start our work, Jane?
W: Tomorrow at 9 o’clock. But we must work quickly, for we have to finish everything before 2 in the afternoon.
Q: For how long can they work?
You will read:
A) 2 hours.
B) 3 hours.
C) 4 hours.
D) 5 hours.
From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D)“5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose ［D］ on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.
Sample Answer ［A］ ［B］［C］ ［D］
1. A） He often cuts classes to play basketball.
B） He has little chance to play basketball.
C） He’s looking for somebody to play with the game.
D. He loves playing basketball very much. 
2. A） Bob will see Susan tomorrow evening.
B） Bob might be at home late tomorrow evening.
C） Bob and Susan have decided to go on a holiday.
D） Bob asked the woman to come another time.
3.A）They think cinemas are too far away from their home.
B）They are disappointed with the films produced these days.
C）They both dislike films about adventure stories.
D）They both like the idea of going to the cinema at night.
4. A） It was too terrible for him to sleep.
B） He was not very worried about it.
C） He already lost a lot of sleep over it.
D） He feels uncomfortable.
5. A） Customer and salesperson.
B） Boss and secretary.
C） Teacher and student.
D） Guest and waitress.
6. A） She has to change the time for the trip.
B） She hasn’t decided where to go next month.
C） She can’t afford the time for the trip.
D） She will manage to leave this month.
7. A） She doesn’t like standing so close.
B） She can’t hear clearly.
C） She can’t watch the television clearly.
D） She was hurt by the light.
8. A） He doesn’t write well enough.
B） He is not a professional writer.
C） He hasn’t got a professional experience.
D） He didn’t perform well in the interview.
9. A） He doesn’t think it necessary to refuel the car.
B） He can manage to get the gasoline they need.
C） He hopes the woman will help him select a fuel.
D） He thinks it is difficult to get fuel for the car.
10. A） In the classroom.
B） At the gate of the library.
C） In the library.
D） In the office.

Section B
Directions:In this section you will hear a passage three times. During the first reading, you should listen carefully for a general idea of the whole passage. Then listen to the passage again. When the first part of the passage is being read, you should fill in the missing word during the pause at each blank. After listening to the second part of the passage you are required to write down the main points according to what you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read the third time you can check what you have written. 
    Who won the ball? What happened at the United States? How did the __（11） __ like the new play? Minutes after an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets giving the __（12） __. Wherever anything happens in the world,__（13） __are on the __（14） __ to gather the news. Newspapers have one basic purpose to get the news as quickly as possible from those who know it to those who want to know it.
    Radio,telegraph,television,and other__（15） __ brought competition for newspapers.So did the development of magazines and other means of __（16） __.But his competition merely spurred the newspaper on. They quickly made use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the speed and__（17） __ of their own__（18） __.Today more newspapers are printed and read than ever before.
    Competition also led newspapers to branch out into many other fields. __（19）
__. Newspapers depend on advertising for their very existence.
Newspapers are sold for prices that fail to cover even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main source of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. __（20）__. This is measured in terms of circulation.

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(35 minutes)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
    Opinion polls are now beginning to show that,whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on,high unemployment is probably here to say.This means we shall have to find ways of sharing the available employment more widely.
But we need to go further. We must ask some fundamental questions about the future work. Should we continue to treat employment as the norm? Should we not rather encourage many ways for self-respecting people to work? Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer? Should we not aim to revive the household and the neighborhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centers of production and work?
The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people’s work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now becoming to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed. This seems a daunting thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.
    Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people’s homes. Later, as transport improved first by rail and then by road, people commuted longer distances to their places of employment until, eventually, many people’s work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they live.
    Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage. In preindustrial times, men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community. Now it became customary for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and families to his wife. Tax and benefit regulations still assume this norm today, and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.
    It was not only women whose work status suffered. As employment became the dominant form of work, young people and old people were excluded—a problem now, as more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.
    All this may now have to change.
The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the idealist goal creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs. 
21.What is the main idea of the passage?
A） Employment became widespread in the 17th and 18th centuries.
B） Unemployment will remain a major problem for industrialized nations.
C） The industrial age may now be coming to an end.
D） Some efforts and resources should be devoted to helping more people cope with the problem of unemployment. 
22.Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a factor contributing to the spread of employment?
A） The enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries.
B） The development of factories.
C） Relief from housework on the part of women.
D） Development of modern means of transportation. 
23.It can be inferred from the passage that____.
A） most people who have been polled believe that the problem of unemployment may not be solved within a short period of time
B） many farmers lost their land when new railways and factories were being constructed
C） in preindustrial societies housework and community service were mainly carried out by women
D） some of the changes in work pattern that the industrial age brought have been reversed
24.What does the word “daunting” in the third paragraph mean?
A） Shocking B） Interesting
C） Confusing D） Stimulating 
25.Which of the following is NOT suggested as a possible means to cope with the current situation?
A） Create situations in which people work for themselves.
B） Treat employment as the norm.
C） Endeavor to revive the household and the neighborhood as centers of production.
D） Encourage people to work in circumstances other than normal working conditions.

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:

    No one should be forced to wear a uniform under any circumstance. Uniforms are demanding to the human spirit and totally unnecessary in a democratic society. Uniforms tell the world that the person who wears one has no value as an individual but only lives to function as a part of a whole. The individual in a uniform loses all self-worth. 
    There are those who say that wearing a uniform gives a person a sense of identification with a larger, more important concept. What could be more important than the individual himself? If an organization is so weak that it must rely on cloth and buttons to inspire its members, that organization has no right to continue its existence. Others say that the practice of making persons wear uniforms, say in a school, eliminates all envy and competition in the matter of dress, such that a poor person who cannot afford good-quality clothing is not to be belittled by a wealthy person who wears expensive quality clothing. Those persons conveniently ignore such critical concepts as freedom of choice, motivation, and individuality. If all persons were to wear the same clothing, why would anyone strive to be better? It is only a short step from forcing everyone to drive the same car, have the same type of foods. When this happens, all incentive to improve one’s life is removed. Why would parents bother to work hard so that their children could have a better life than they had when they know that their children are going to be forced to have exactly the same life that they had? 
    Uniforms also hurt the economy. Right now, billions of dollars are spent on the fashion industry yearly. Thousands of persons are employed in designing, creating and marketing different types of clothing. If everyone were forced to wear uniforms, artistic personnel would be unnecessary. Sales persons would be superfluous as well; why bother to sell the only items that are available? The wearing of uniforms would destroy the fashion industry, which in turn would have a ripple effect on such industries as advertising and promotion. Without advertising, newspapers, magazines, and television would not be able to remain in business. One entire information and entertainment industry would collapse. 
26.The author’s primary purpose in writing this passage was to ____. 
A）plead for the abolishment of uniforms
B）show that uniforms are not possible in a democratic society
C）advocate stronger governmental controls on the wearing of uniforms
D）convince the reader that uniforms have more disadvantages than advantages 
27.Why does the author discuss forcing everyone to buy the same car or eat the same food? 
A) To show that freedom of choice is absolute.
B) To show that the government has interfered too much in the lives of individual.
C) To suggest what would happen if uniforms became compulsory.
D) To predict the way the society will be in the next few generations. 
28.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the author? 
A) The person who wears a uniform has no self-worth.
B) Wearing a uniform gives a person a sense of identification with a larger concept.
C) Uniforms will hurt one entire information and entertainment industry.
D) Envy and competition are incentive to improve one’s life. 
29.The word “superfluous” (Para. 3) most probably means ____. 
A) indispensable B) available
C) surplus D) supplementary 
30.The next paragraph in this passage might discuss____.
A) the positive effects of wearing uniforms
B) more negative effects of wearing uniforms
C) alternative to wearing uniforms
D) the legal rights of those not wishing to wear uniforms

Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:

    A strange thing about humans is their capacity for blind rage. Rage is presumably an emotion resulting from survival instinct, but the surprising thing about it is that we do not deploy it against other animals. If we encounter a dangerous wild animal - a poisonous snake or a wild cat - we do not fly into a temper. If we are unarmed, we show fear and attempt to back away; if we are suitably armed, we attack, but in a rational manner not in a rage. We reserve rage for our own species. It is hard to see any survival value in attacking one’s own, but if we take account of the long competition, which must have existed between our own subspecies and others like Neanderthal man - indeed others still more remote from us than Neanderthal man - human rage becomes more comprehensible. 
    In our everyday language and behavior there are many reminders of those early struggles. We are always using the words “us and them”. “Our” side is perpetually trying to do down the “other” side. In games we artificially create other subspecies we can attack. The opposition of “us” and “them” is the touchstone of the two-party system of “democratic” politics. Although there are no very serious consequences to many of these modern psychological representations of the “us and them” emotion, it is as well to remember that the original aim was not to beat the other subspecies in a game but to exterminate it. 
    The readiness with which humans allow themselves to be regimented has permitted large armies to be formed, which, taken together with the “us and them” blind rage, has led to destructive clashes within our subspecies itself. The First World War is an example in which Europe divided itself into two imaginary subspecies. And there is a similar extermination battle now in Northern Ireland. The idea that there is a religious basis for this clash is illusory, for not even the Pope has been able to control it. The clash is much more primitive than the Christian religion, much older in its emotional origin. The conflict in Ireland is unlikely to stop until a greater primitive fear is imposed from outside the community, or until the combatants become exhausted. 
31.A suitable title for this passage would be____. 
A) Why Human Armies Are Formed
B) Man’s Anger Against Rage
C) The Human Capacity for Rage
D) Early Struggles of Angry Man 
32.According to the author, the surprising aspect of human anger is____. 
A) its lengthy and complex development
B) a conflict such as is now going on in Northern Ireland
C) that we do not fly into a temper more often
D) that we reserve anger for mankind 
33.The passage suggests that____. 
A) historically, we have created an “us” versus “them” society
B) humans have had a natural disinclination toward formal grouping
C) the First World War is an example of how man has always avoided domination
D) the emotional origin of the war in Ireland is lost in time 
34.From the passage we can infer that ____. 
A) the artificial creation of a subspecies unlike us is something that never happens
B) games are psychologically unhealthy
C) any artificially created subspecies would be our enemy
D) the real or imagined existence of an opposing subspecies is inherent in man’s activities 
35.The author believes that a religious explanation for the war in Northern Ireland is____. 
A) founded in historical fact
B) deceptive
C) apparent
D) probably accurate

Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

    The first way we can approach language is as a phenomenon of the individual person. It is concerned with describing and explaining language as a matter of human behavior. People speak and write; they also evidently read and understand what they hear. They are not born doing so; they have to acquire these skills. Not everybody seems to develop them to the same degree. People may suffer accidents or diseases, which impair their performance. Language is thus seen as part of human psychology, a particular sort of behavior, the behavior, which has as its principal, function that of communication.
    The trouble with the term “behavior” is that it is often taken to refer only to more or less overt, and describable, physical movements and acts. Yet part of language behavior-that of understanding spoken or written language, for example-has little or no physically observable signs. It is true we can sometimes infer that understanding has taken place by the changes that take place in the other person’s behavior. When someone has been prohibited from doing something, we may infer that he has understood the prohibition by observing that thereafter he never behaves in that way. We cannot, of course, be absolutely sure that his subsequent behavior is a result of his understanding; it might be due to a loss of interest or inclination. So behavior must be taken to include unobservable activity, often only to be inferred from other observable behavior.
    Once we admit that the study of language behavior involves describing and explaining the unobservable, the situation becomes much more complicated, because we have to postulate some set of processes, some internal mechanism, which operates when we speak and understand. We have to postulate something we can call a mind. The study of language from this point of view can then be seen as a study of the specific properties, processes and states of the mind whose outward manifestations are observable behavior; what we have to know in order to perform linguistically.This approach to language, as a phenomenon of the individual, is thus principally concerned with explaining how we acquire language, and its relation to general human cognitive systems, and with the psychological mechanisms underlying the comprehension and production of speech; much less with the problem of what language is for, that is, its function as communication, since this necessarily involves more than a single individual. 
36.What is the best title for this passage?
A) Language as Means of Communication.
B) Language and Psychology.
C) Language and the Individual.
D) Language as a Social Phenomenon. 
37.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A) Language is often regarded as part of human psychology.
B) People develop language skills of different degrees as a result of different personal experiences.
C) Language is a special kind of psychological behavior that is born with an individual.
D) People learn to speak and write through imitation and training. 
38.What does the term “behavior” in the second paragraph especially refer to in this passage?
A) It refers to observable and physical movements and acts.
B) It refers to the part of language behavior that involves understanding or interpretation.
C) It refers to both the overt and the unobservable language behaviors in communicating.
D) It refers to acts of speaking and writing. 
39.What does “internal mechanism”(Line 3, Para. 3) mean?
A) Secret machine. B) Mental processes.
C) Overt system. D) Mechanic operation. 
40.What can you infer from the passage?
A) Its individualistic approach to language is meant to study the psychological processes of language acquisition.
B) The individualistic approach to language is mainly concerned with how language functions in society.
C) The study of language is sure to involve more than a single individual.
D) Psychological approach to language is concerned with the comprehension and production of speech.

Part Ⅲ Vocabulary (20 minutes)
Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
41.In American universities, classes are often arranged in more flexible ____ and many jobs on campus are reserved for students.
A） scales B） patterns 
C） grades D） ranks
42.Once the vice-chancellor of a university is ____, he begins his term of office.
A） launched B） commenced
C） inaugurated D） initiated
43.The company decided to ____ for some assistants in the local newspaper.
A） advertise B） advocate
C） activate D） inherit
44.The firm ____ in producing cheap transistor radios.
A） exerts B） excels
C） energizes D） exploits
45.I don’t really know John all that well; he’s just a ____ acquaintance.
A） random B） formal
C） casual D） haphazard
46.The ____ from childhood to adulthood is always a critical time for everybody.
A） conversion B） transition
C） turnover D） formation
47.Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a ____.
A） scarcity B） minority
C） minimum D） shortage
48. Prof. Smith spoke clearly and ____ and we could understand every word he said.
A） distinctly
B） distressfully
C） distractingly
D） distinctively
49. Because of a ____ in her hearing, the teacher gave her a seat in the front row.
A） error B） mistake
C） blunder D） defect
50.A budget of five dollars a day is totally ____ for a trip round Europe.
A） inadequate B） incapable
C） incompatible D） invalid
51.If the world is to remain peaceful, the utmost effort must be made by nations to limit local ____.
A） collisions B） combats
C） contradictions D） conflicts
52. In the past ten years skyscrapers have developed ____ in Chicago and New York City.
A） homogeneously
B） simultaneously
C） spontaneously
D） harmoniously
53.The basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions that may lead to cancers have been ____.
A） identified B） guaranteed
C） notified D） conveyed
54.Bill is an example of a severely disabled person who has become ____ at many survival skills.
A） proficient B） persistent
C） consistent D） sufficient
55.The United Nations Conference on Drug Abuse, which took place earlier this year in Vienna, was a very ____ meeting.
A） compulsory B） protective
C） productive D） extravagant
56.The team will have to do well to win a medal at the Olympic Games, where they will face ____ competition from several countries.
A） harsh B） rigid
C） rough D） stiff
57.His ____ for her made him unhappy, because she did not love him in return.
A） affection B） attraction
C） partition D） passion
58.Mary’s mother had to ____ her dress because Mary is growing so tall. 
A） let off B） let go
C） let out D） let loose
59.This ticket ____ you to a free meal in our new restaurant.
A） confers B） entitles
C） grants D） credits
60.Your latest project has little ____ of success.
A） prediction B） prophecy
C） prospect D） preview
61.The new washing machines are ____ at the rate of fifty a day.
A） turned up B） turned down
C） turned out D） turned in
62.The fact that he annoyed you does not ____ your treating him in that way.
A） justify B） identify
C） rectify D） modify
63.Everyone approved of the scheme but when we asked for volunteers they all ____.
A） hang about B） hang on
C） hang back D） hang up
64.People who refuse to ____ with the law will be punished.
A） obey B） conceal
C） consent D） comply
65.Everyone has a legal ____ to provide the tax office with details of their earnings.
A） oath B） obligation
C） optimum D） orientation
66.It took a lot of imagination to come up with such an ____ plan.
A） inherent B） ingenious
C） infectious D） indulgent
67.The microscope can ____ the object 100 times in diameter.
A） magnify B） increase
C） develop D） multiply
68.Mrs. Lackey was awakened by the ringing of the bedside phone 12 hours. after her husband’s boat had been ____.
A） wrecked B） collapsed
C） decayed D） fired
69.They tried to prevent the marriage but it took place ____.
A） thereafter B） henceforth
C） notwithstanding D） insomuch
70.She found the evening boring and uninteresting, ____ , a waste of time.
A） in shortB） in consequence
C） in generalD） in force

Part Ⅳ Error Correction (15 minutes)
Directions:This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (／) in the blank.

    We are all naturally attracted to people with ideas, beliefs and interests like our own. Similarly, we feel comfortable with people with physical qualities similar as ours.
    You may have noticed about how people who live or work closely together come to behave in a similar way. Unconsciously we copy these we are close to or love or admire. So a sportsman’s individual way of walking with raised shoulders is imitated by an admired fan; a pair or lovers both shake their heads in the same way; an employer finds himself duplicating his boss’s habit of wagging (摆动) a pen between his fingers while thinking.In every case, the influential person may consciously notice the imitation but he will feel comfortably in its presence. And if he does notice the matching of his gestures or movements, he finds it pleasing he is influencing people: they are drawn to them.
    Sensitive people have been mirroring their friend and acquaintances all their lives., and winning affection and respect in this way without aware of their methods. Now, for people who want to win agreement or trust, affection or sympathy, some psychologists recommend the deliberate use of physical imitation.

71.__________
72.__________
73.__________

74.__________
75.__________

76.__________
77.__________

78.__________
79.__________
80.__________

Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes)
Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic The Development of Private Cars. You should write no less than 150 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1.有些人赞成使用小汽车
2. 有些人反对使用小汽车
3. 你的看法
　
　
听力原文
Section A
1. W: Hi, Tom. Have you been playing much basketball lately?
M: I play as often as I can get out of the classroom. And the game is my way to be somebody. It’s my life, you know? 
Q: What does Tom tell the woman?
2. W: Bob, can I come to see you at your home tomorrow evening.
M: Sure. Susan and I have half decided to go swimming late tomorrow afternoon. So give me a ring before you come, OK?
Q: What can we learn from the conversation?
3. M: I used to go to the cinema a lot. It did make a nice night out, but not now.
W: No, I don’t either. There aren’t any good adventurous stories like the movies they made when I was young.
Q: What can be concluded from this conversation?
4. W: I heard they didn’t sign the agreement.
M: Yes, it’s too bad. But I’m certainly not going to lose any sleep over it.
Q: What was the man’s reaction?
5. M: Please make 20 copies of this and deliver them to the chief executive and heads of departments.
W: Certainly, sir. They will find it on their desks tomorrow morning.

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