英语四级a卷是什么意思|英语四级A卷20050618(附听力稿)

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 英语四级A卷20050618(附听力稿)

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WWW.SINOEXAM.CN 2005-06-19 
Part I   Listening Comprehension

Section A

1. A)  The man hates to lend his tools to other people.
B) The man hasn"t  finished working on the bookshelf.
C) The tools have already been returned to the woman.
D) The tools the man borrowed from the woman are missing.
  
2. A)   Give the ring to a policeman.
B) Wait for the owner of the ring in the rest room.
C) Hand in the ring to the security office.
D) Take the ring to the administration building.
 
3.  A)  Save time by using a computer.
B) Buy her own computer
C) Borrow Martha"s computer.
D) Stay home and complete her paper
 
4.  A) The man doesn"t have money for his daughter"s graduate studies.
B) The man doesn"t think his daughter will get a business degree.
C) The man insists that his daughter should pursue her studies in science.
D) he man advises his daughter to think carefully before making her decision.
 
5. A)  The cinema is some distance away from where they are.
B) He would like to read the film review in the newspaper.
C) They should wait to see the movie at a later time.
D) He"ll find his way to the cinema.

6. A)   He"s been to Seattle many times.
B) He has chaired a lot of conferences.
C) He has a high position in his company.
D) He lived in Seattle for many years
 
7.  A)   Teacher and student.
B) Doctor and patient.
C) Manager and office worker.
D) Travel agent and customer
 
8. A)   She knows the guy who will give the lecture.
B) She thinks the lecture might be informative
C) She wants to add something to her lecture.
D) She"ll finished her report this weekend
 
9.  A)   An art museum.
B) A  beautiful park.
C) A college campus
D) An architectural exhibition
 
10. A)   The houses for sale are of poor quality
B) The houses are too expensive for the couple to buy
C) The housing developers provide free trips for potential buyers
D) The man is unwilling to take a look at the houses for sale

Section B

Passage one

11.  A)  Synthetic fuel
B) Solar energy
C) Alcohol
D) Electricity
 
12. A)   Air traffic conditions
B) Traffic jams on highways
C) Road conditions
D) New traffic rules
 
13.  A)   Go through a health check
B) Carry little luggage
C) Arrive early for boarding
D) Undergo security checks
 
Passage Two

14. A)  In a fast-food restaurant
B) At a shopping center
C) At a county fair
D) In a bakery
 
15.  A)  Avoid eating any food
B) Prepare the right type of pie to eat
C) Wash his hands thoroughly
D) Practice eating a pie quickly
 
16. A)  On the table
B) Behind his back
C) Under his bottom
D) On his lap
 
17. A)  Looking sideways to see how fast your neighbor eats.
B) Eating from the outside toward the middle
C) Swallowing the pie with water
D) Holding the pie in the right position
 
Passage Three

18.  A)   Beauty
B) Loyalty
C) Luck
D) Durability
 
19. A)   He wanted to follow the tradition of his country
B) He believed that it symbolized an everlasting marriage
C) It was thought a blood vessel in that finger led directly to the heart
D) It was supposed that the diamond on that finger would bring good luck
 
20. A)   The two people can learn about each other"s likes and dislikes
B) The two people can have time to decide if they are a good match
C) The two people can have time to shop for their new home
D) The two people can earn enough money for their wedding

Part II  Reading Comprehension

Reading comprehension

Passage one

Is there enough oil beneath the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (保护区) (ANWR) to help secure America"s energy future? President Bush certainly thinks so.  He has argued that tapping ANWR"s oil would help ease California"s electricity crisis and provide a major boost to the country"s energy independence.  But no one knows for sure how much crude oil lies buried beneath. The frozen earth with the last government survey, conducted in 1998, projecting output anywhere from 3 billion to 16 billion barrels.
The oil industry goes with the high end of the range, which could equal as much as 10% of U.S. consumption for as long as six years.  By pumping more than 1 million barrels a day from the reserve for the next two three decades, lobbyists claim, the nation could cut back on imports equivalent to all shipments to the U.S. from Saudi ArabiA Sounds good. An oil boom would also mean a multibillion-dollar windfall（意外之财）in tax revenues, royalties(开采权使用费)and leasing fees for Alaska and the Federal Government. Best of all, advocates of drilling say, damage to the environment would be insignificant.  “We"ve never had a document case of oil rig chasing deer out onto the pack ice. ” says Alaska State Representative Scott Ogan.
Not so far, say environmentalists.  Sticking to the low end of government estimates, the National Resources Defense Council says there may be no more than 3.2 billion barrels of economically recoverable oil in the coastal plain of ANWR, a drop in the bucket that would do virtually nothing to ease America"s energy problems.  And consumers would wait up to a decade to gain any benefits, because drilling could begin only after much bargaining over leases, environmental permits and regulatory review.  As for ANWR"s impact on the California power crisis, environmentalists point out that oil is responsible for only 1% of the Golden State"s electricity output ?and just 3% of the nation"s.

21.  What does President Bush think of tapping oil in ANWR ?
A) It will exhaust the nation"s oil reserves.
B) It will help secure the future of ANWR.
C) It will help reduce the nation"s oil imports
D) It will increase America"s energy consumption
 
22.  We learn from the second paragraph that the American oil industry _______
A) believes that drilling for oil in ANWR will produce high yields
B) tends to exaggerate America"s reliance on foreign oil
C) shows little interest in tapping oil in ANWR
D) expects to stop oil imports from Saudi Arabia 
 
23. Those against oil drilling in ANWR argue that _________
A) it can cause serious damage to the environment
B) it can do little to solve U.S. energy problems
C) it will drain the oil reserves in the Alaskan region
D) it will not have much commercial value

24. What do the environmentalists mean by saying " Not so fast "  (Line 1, Para. 3)?
A) Oil exploitation takes a long time
B) The oil drilling should be delayed
C) Don"t be too optimistic
D) Don"t expect fast returns

25. It can be learned from the passage that oil exploitation beneath  ANWR"s  frozen earth ________
A) remains a controversial issue
B) is expected to get under way soon
C) involves a lot of technological problems
D) will enable the U.S. to be oil independent
 
Passage two

"Tear "em apart!"  "Kill the fool!" " Murder the referee ( 裁判)! "
These are common remarks one may hear at various sporting events.  At the time they are made, they may seem innocent enough.  But let"s not kid ourselves.  They have been known to influence behavior in such a way as to lead to real bloodshed.  Volumes have been written about the way words affect us. It has been shown that words having certain connotations (含义)  may cause us to react in ways quite foreign to what we consider to be our usual humanistic behavior.  I see the term " opponent " as one of those words.  Perhaps the time has come to delete it from sports terms.
The dictionary meaning of the term "opponent " is "adversary " : "enemy "; "one who opposes your interests. " " Thus, when a player meets an opponent, he or she may tend to treat that opponent as an enemy. At such times, winning may dominate one"s intellect, and every action, no matter how gross, may be considered justifiable. I recall an incident in a handball game when a referee refused a player"s request for a time out for a glove change because he did not considered then wet enough. The player proceeded to rub his gloves across his wet T-shirt and then exclaimed. "Are they wet enough now?"
In the heat of battle, players have been observed to throw themselves across the court without considering the consequences that such a move might have on anyone in their way. I have also witnessed a player reacting to his opponent"s international and illegal blocking by deliberately hitting him with the ball as hard as he could during the course of play. Off the court, they are good friends. Does that make any sense? It certainly gives proof of a court attitude which departs from normal behavior.
Therefore, I believe it is time we elevated(提升)the game to the level where it belongs thereby setting an example to the rest of the sporting world.  Replacing the term "opponent " with " associate" could be an ideal way to start.
The dictionary meaning of the term "associate" is "colleague"; "friend"; "companion." Reflect a moment! You may soon see and possibly feel the difference in your reaction to the term "associate" rather than "opponent."

26.  Which of the following statements best expresses the author"s view ?
A) Aggressive behavior in sports can have serious consequences
B) The words people use can influence their behavior
C) Unpleasant words in sports are often used by foreign athletes
D) Unfair judgments by referees will lead to violence on the sports field
 
27. Harsh words are spoken during games because the players _______
A) are too eager to win
B) are usually short-tempered and easily offended
C) cannot afford to be polite in fierce competition
D) treat their rivals as enemies
 
28. What did the handball player do when he was not allowed a time out to change his gloves?
A) He refused to continue the game
B) He angrily hit the referee with a ball
C) He claimed that the referee was unfair
D) He wet his gloves by rubbing them across his T-shirt

29. According to the passage, players, in a game, may _______
A) deliberately throw the ball at anyone illegally blocking their way
B) keep on screaming and shouting throughout the game
C) lie down on the ground as an act of protest
D) kick the ball across the court with force
30. The author hopes to have the current situation in sports improved by _______
A) calling on players to use clean language on the court
B) raising  the referee"s sense of responsibility
C) changing the attitude of players on the sports field
D) regulating the relationship between players and referees

Passage three

Consumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge (大杂烩) of environmental claims made by household products, according to a "green labeling" study published by Consumers International Friday.
Among the report"s more outrageous (令人无法容忍的) findings-a German fertilizer described itself as " earthworm friendly" a brand of flour said it was "non-polluting" and a British toilet paper claimed to be "environmentally friendlier"
The study was written and researched by Britain"s National Consumer Council (NCC) for lobby group Consumer International.  It was funded by the German and Dutch governments and the European Commission.
" While many good and useful claims are being made, it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental impact of products they buy," said Consumers International director Anna Fielder.
The 10-country study surveyed product packaging in Britain, Western Europe, Scandinavia and the United States. It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on average. 
The report focused on claims made by specific products, such as detergent (洗涤剂) insect sprays and by some garden products.  It did not test the claims, but compared them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization (ISO) in September, 1999.
Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2,000 products and found many too vague or too misleading to meet ISO standards.
"Many products had specially-designed labels to make them seem environmentally friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing, " said report researcher Philip Page.
"Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158. Household cleaners were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73. The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort the true from the misleading. " he said.
The ISO labeling standards ban vague or misleading claims on product packaging, because terms such as "environmentally friendly" and "non-polluting" cannot be verified. " what we are now pushing for is to have multinational corporations meet the standards set by the ISO. " said Page.

31. According to the passage, the NCC found it outrageous that ______
A) all the products surveyed claim to meet ISO standards
B) the claims made by products are often unclear or deceiving
C) consumers would believe many of the manufactures" claim
D) few products actually prove to be environment friendly

32. As indicated in this passage, with so many good claims, the consumers _____
A) are becoming more cautious about the products they are going to buy
B) are still not willing to pay more for products with green labeling
C) are becoming more aware of the effects different products have on the environment
D) still do not know the exact impact of different products on the environment
 
33.  A study was carried out by Britain"s NCC to _______
A) find out how many claims made by products fail to meet environmental standards
B) inform the consumers of the environmental impact of the products they buy
C) examine claims made by products against ISO standards
D) revise the guidelines set by the International Standards Organization

34.  What is one of the consequences caused by the many claims of household products?
A) They are likely to lead to serious environmental problems
B) Consumers find it difficult to tell the true from the false
C) They could arouse widespread anger among consumer
D) Consumers will be tempted to buy products they don"t need

35.  It can be inferred from the passage that the lobby group Consumer International wants to _______
A) make product labeling satisfy ISO requirements
B) see all household products meet environmental standards
C) warn consumers of the danger of so-called green products
D) verify the efforts of non-polluting products
 
Passage four

   Two hours from the tall buildings of Manhattan and Philadelphia live some of the world"s largest black bears.  They are in northern Pennsylvania"s Pocono Mountains, a home they share with an abundance of other wildlife.
   The streams, lakes, meadows ( 草地) , mountain  ridges and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for black bears have also attracted more people to the region.  Open spaces are threatened by plans for housing estates and important habitats (栖息地) are endangered by highway construction.  To protect the Poconos" natural beauty from irresponsible development.  The Nature Conservancy (大自然保护协会)  named the area one of America"s "Last Great Places"
   Operating out of a century-old schoolhouse in the village of Long Pond, Pennsylvania, the conservancy"s bud Cook is working with local people and business leaders to balance economic growth with environmental protection. By forging partnerships with people like Francis Altemose, the Conservancy has been able to protect more than 14,000 acres of environmentally important land in the area.
   Altemose"s family has farmed in the Pocono area for generations. Two years ago Francis worked with the Conservancy to include his farm in a county farmland protection program. As a result, his family"s land can be protected from development and the Altemoses will be better able to provide a secure financial future for their 7-year-old grandson.
   Cook attributes the Conservancy"s success in the Poconos to having a local presence and a commitment to working with local residents
" The key to protecting these remarkable lands is connecting with the local community,"  Cook  said.  " The people who live there respect the land.  They value quite forests, clear streams and abundant wildlife.  They are eager to help with conservation efforts.
For more information on how you can help The Nature Conservancy protect the Poconos and the world"s other " Last Great Places," please call 1-888-564 6864. or visit us on the World Wide Web at http://..tnc.org/.
36. The purpose in naming the Poconos as one of America"s " Last Great Places " is to ________
A) gain support from the local community
B) protect it from irresponsible development
C) make it a better home for black bears
D) provide financial security for future generations

37. We learn from the passage that _______
A) the population in the Pocono area is growing
B) wildlife in the Pocono area is dying out rapidly
C) the security of the Pocono residents is being threatened
D) farmlands in the Pocono area are shrinking fast

38. What is important in protecting the Poconos according to Cook ?
A) The setting up of an environmental protection website
B) Support from organizations like The Nature Conservancy
C) Cooperation with the local residents and business leaders
D) Inclusion of farmlands in the region"s protection program

39. What does Bud Cook mean by " having a local presence " (Line 1, Para. 5)?
A) Financial contributions from local business leaders
B) Consideration of the interests of the local residents
C) The establishment of a wildlife protection foundation in the area
D) The setting up of a local Nature Conservancy branch in the Pocono area

40   The passage most probably is ________
A) an official document
B) a news story
C) an advertisement
D) a research report

Part III   Vocabulary

1. A word processor is much better than a typewriter in that it enables you to enter and _______your text more easily
A)  register                                 B)   edit
C)   propose                                D)   discharge

2. We don"t know why so many people in that region like to wear dresses of such ______colors
A)  low                                    B)   humble
C)  mild                                    D)   dull

3.  The news has just ______ that the president is going to visit China next month
A)   come down                            B)   come  up
C)   come out                              D)   come about

4.  The ______ that exists among nations could certainly be lessened if misunderstanding and mistrust were removed
A)  tension                                B)   strain
C)   stress                                 D)   intensity

5.  The other day, Mum and I went to St. James"s Hospital, and they did lots and lots of tests on me, most of them _____ and frightening
A)   cheerful                               B)   horrible
C)   hostile                                 D)   friendly

6.  In the Mediterranean seaweed is so abundant and so easily harvested that it is never of great _____
A)   fare                                  B)   payment
C)   worth                                 D)   expense

7. The writer was so ______ in her work that she didn"t notice him enter the room
A)  absorbed                               B)    abandoned
C)   focused                                D)   centered

8.  Actually, information technology can ______ the gap between the poor and the rich.
A)   link                                   B)   break
C)   ally                                    D)   bridge

9.  Some research workers completely ______ all those facts as though they never existed.
A)   ignore                                  B)   leave
C)   refuse                                   D)   miss

10.  Computer power now allows automatic searches of fingerprint files to match a print at a crime ______
A)   stage                                     B)    scene
C)   location                                   D)    occasion

11.  The most basic reason why dialects should be preserved is that language helps to ______ a culture
A)   retain                                   B)   relate
C)   remark                                  D)   review

12. Companies are struggling to find the right _______between supply and demand, but it is no easy task
A)   equation                                B)    formula
C)   balance                                  D)   pattern

13.  Mass advertising helped to _______  the emphasis from the production of goods to their consumption
A)   vary                                  B)  shift
C)   lay                                    D)  moderate

14.  Because of his excellent administration, people lived in peace and _____ and all previously neglected matters were taken care of.
A)  conviction                              B)   contest
C)   consent                               D)   content 

15.  I know you"ve got a smooth tongue, so don"t talk me ______ buying it
A)  away                                 B)   down
C)   out                                  D)   into

16. Showing some sense of humor can be a(n) _______ way to deal with some stressful situation
A)   effective                              B)   efficient
C)   favorable                              D)   favorite

17.  The situation described in the report ______ terrible, but it may not happen
A)   inclines                               B)   maintains
C)   sounds                                D)   remains

18.  The company is trying every means to ______ the wholesale price of its products
A)   pull down                             B)   put down
C)   set down                              D)   bring down

19.  The mayor ______ the police officer a medal of honor for his heroic deed in rescuing the earthquake victims
A)   rewarded                             B)   awarded
C)   credited                              D)   prized

20.  The native Canadians lived in _______ with nature, for they respected nature as a provider of life
A)   coordination                          B)   acquaintance
C)    contact                              D)   harmony
21. Many people are asking whether traditional research universities in fact have any future _______
A)    at all                              B)   so far
C)   in all                               D)    on end

22.  I was impressed _______ the efficiency of the work done in the company
A)   in                                 B)    about
C)   with                               D)    for

23.  Now in Britain , wines take up four times as much ______ in the storehouse as both beer and spirits
A)   block                              B)    land
C)   patch                              D)    space

24.  His hand shook a little as he _______ the key in the lock
A)   squeezed                          B)   inserted
C)   stuffed                            D)   pierced

25    For professional athletes, _______ to the Olympics means that they have a chance to enter the history books
A)   access                              B)   attachment
C)   appeal                              D)   approach

26    In the  long _________, the new information technologies may fundamentally alter out way of
A)   view                                B)   distance
C)   jump                                D)   run

27.  All  the arrangements should be completed _______ your departure.
A)   prior to                               B)   superior to
C)   contrary to                            D)    parallel to

28.  We need to create education standards that prepare our next generation who will be _______ with an even more competitive market
A)   tackled                               B)   encountered
C)   dealt                                 D)   confronted

29.  In the late seventies, the amount of fixed assets required to produce one vehicle in Japan was ______ equivalent to that in the United States
A)   rudely                                B)   roughly
C)   readily                                D)   coarsely

30    Many people believe we are heading for environmental disaster ______ we radically change way we  live
A)   but                                      B)    although
C)    unless                                   D)    lest  
    

Part IV      Short Answer Questions

We commonly think of sportsmanship in connection with athletic contests, but it also applies to individual outdoor sports. Not everyone who picks up a fishing rod or goes out with a gun is a sportsman. The sportsman first of all obeys the fish and game laws, not because he is liable to be punished as a violator, but because he know that in the main these laws are made for his best interests.
The following are some of the things that those who would qualify for membership in the sportsmanship fraternity (圈内人) will do.
1. Take no more game than the bag limit provided for by the fish and game laws. The person who comes back from a trip boasting about the large number of fish or game taken is not a sportsman but a game hog (贪得无厌的捕猎者).
2. Observe the unwritten rules of fair play. This means shooting game birds only when the birds are "on the wing". For the same reason, do not use a shotgun to shoot a rabbit or similar animal while it is sitting or standing still.
3. Be careful in removing  illegal or undersized fish from the hook.  This should be done only after wetting the hands.  This is necessary because the body of the fish is covered with a thin, protective film which will stick to your dry hands.  If the hands are dry when the fish is handled, the film is torn from the body of the fish.  Without the protective film, the fish is more easily attacked by diseases. If you wish to release a fish that is hooked in such a way that it will be impossible to closed to the hook as convenient.  In a remarkably short time, the hook will break down and the fish will remain almost unharmed.  Fish have been known to feed successfully while hooks were still in their lips.
4. Be sure of the identity of your target before you shoot.  Many useful and harmless species of wildlife are thoughtlessly killed by the uninformed person who is out with a gun to kill whatever flies within range.

S1  In what respect does the author think individual outdoor sports are similar to athletic contests? __________
S2   A person who goes out fishing with a fishing rod or hunting with a gun is not necessarily _________
S3    What"s the most important thing a true sportsman should bear in mind when he goes fishing or hunting _______
S4   Those who violate the fish and game laws will not be ______ for membership in the sportsmanship fraternity
S5   What are people called when they break the bag limit and boast about their big catch?_________
S6   A true sportsman will not shoot an animal which is not ______
S7   What are people advised to do before they remove illegal or undersized fish from the hook?_______
S8   What should sportsman do to avoid killing rare species of wildlife?________

Part V   Writing
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay [IN honour of teachers on the occasion of Teacher"s Day].
You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:
1. 向老师表达节日祝贺
2. 从一件小事来回忆老师的教诲和无私的奉献
3. 我如何回报老师的关爱

附：听力文稿
Section one Conversation
1. W：Simon，could you return the tools I lent you for building the bookshelf last month?
M：Oh, I hate to tell you this, but I can"t seem to find them．
Q：What do we learn from the conversation?
2. W：I found an expensive diamond ring in the restroom this morning．
M：If I were you，I would turn it in to the security office．It is behind the administration building．
Q：What does the man suggest the woman do?
3. W：I am going to Martha"s house．I have a paper to complete．And I need to use her computer.
M：Why don"t you buy one yourself? Think about the time you could save．
Q：What does the man suggest the woman do?
4. W：Daddy, I have decided to give up science and go to business school．
M：Well，it is your choice as long as you pay your own way, but I should warn you that not everyone with a business degree will make a successful manager.
Q：What do we learn from the conversation?
5. W：I just read in the newspaper that Lord of the Rings is this year"s greatest hit. Why don"t we go and see it at the Grand Cinema?
M：Don"t you think that cinema is a little out of the way?
Q：What does the man mean?
6. W：Bob said that Seattle is a great place for conferences．
M：He is certainly in the position to make that comment．He has been there so often．
Q：What does the man say about Bob?
7. W：Mr. Watson，I wonder if it is possible for me to take a vacation early next month?
M：Did you fill out a request form?
Q：What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
M：Do you want to go to the lecture this weekend? I hear that the guy who is going to deliver the lecture spent a year living in the rainforest．
W：Great. I am doing a report on the rain forest．Maybe I can get some new information to add to it．
Q：What does the woman mean?
9. W：I do like this campus．All the big trees, green lawns, and the old buildings with tall columns．It is really beautiful．
  M：it sure is．The architecture of these buildings is in the Greek style, it was popular in the 18th century here．
Q：what are the speakers talking about?
10．M：This article is nothing but advertising for housing developers．I don"t think the houses they sell are half as good．
  W：Come on，David．Why so negative? We are thinking of buying a home, aren"t we? Just a trip to look at the place won"t cost us much．
  Q：What can be inferred from the conversation?

Section Two Passages
Passage 1
In the next few decades，people are going to travel very differently from the way they do today．Everyone is going to drive electrically-powered cars，so in a few years, people won"t worry about running out of gas．Some of the large automobile companies are really moving ahead with this new technology. F&C Motor, a major auto company, for example, is holding a press conference next week．After the press conference，the company will present its new electronically-operated models．Transportation in the future won"t be limited to the ground，many people predict that traffic will quickly move to the sky. In the coming years, instead of radio reports about roads condition and highway traffic, news reports will talk about traffic jams in the sky. But the sky isn"t the limit．In the future, you will probably even be able to take a trip to the moon．Instead of listening to regular airplane announcements，you will hear someone say：the spacecraft to the moon leaves in 10 minutes．Please check your equipment．And remember no more than 10 ounces of carry-on baggage are allowed．
11．What will be used to power cars in the next few decades?
12．What will future news reports focus on when talking about
transportation?
13．What will passengers be asked to do when they travel to the moon?

Passage 2
County fairs are a tradition in New England towns．They offer great entertainment．One popular event is the pie-eating contest．If you want to take part In the contest, it is a good idea to remember these guidelines：first, make sure your stomach is nearly empty of food．Eating a whole pie can be hard if you have just finished a meal．Next, it Is helpful to like the pie you are going to eat．The cream types are a good choice．They slide down the throat more easily. Placing your hands in the right position adds to the chances of winning．There is a temptation to reach out and help the eating process．This will result in becoming disqualified．Don"t just sit on your hands, if your hands are tied behind your back, you will not be tempted to make use of them．
Now you are ready to show your talents at eating pies．The object of course, is to get to the bottom of the pie plate before the other people．It is usually better to start at the outside and work toward the middle． This method gives you a goal to focus on．Try not to notice what the other people near you are doing．Let the cheers from the crowd spur you on．But don"t look up．All you should think about is eating that pie．
14．where Is pie-eating contest usually held?
15．what should a person do before entering into the pie-eating contest?
16．where is person advised to put his hands during the contest?
17．what suggestion is offered for eating the pie quickly?

Passage 3
The period of engagement is the time between the marriage proposal and wedding ceremony. Two people agree to marry when they decide to spend their lives together. The man gives the woman a diamond engagement ring. That tradition is said to have started when an Austrian man gave a diamond ring to the woman he wanted to marry. The diamond represented beauty. He placed it on the third finger of her left hand．He chose that finger because it was thought that the blood vessel in that finger went directly to the heart．Today we know that it is not true，yet the tradition continues．
Amercians are generally engaged for a period of about ore year, if they are planning a wedding ceremony and a party. During this time, friends of the bride may hold a party at which women friends and family members give the bride gifts that she will need as a wife．These could include cooking equipments or new clothing．Friends of the man who is getting married may have a bachelor party for him．This usually takes place the night before the wedding．Only men are invited to the bachelor party．
During the marriage ceremony, the bride and her would-be husband usually exchange gold rings that represent the idea that their union will continue forever. The wife often wears both the wedding ring and the engagement ring on the same finger. The husband wears his ring on the third finger on his left hand．Many people say the purpose of the engagement period is to permit enough time to plan the wedding．But the main purpose is to let enough time pass so the 2 people are sure that they want to marry each other. Either person may decide to break the engagement, if this happens, the woman usually returns the ring to the man．They also return any wedding gifts they have received．
18．What was the diamond ring said to represent?
19．Why did the Austrian man place the diamond ring on the third finger of the left hand of his would-be wife?
20．What is the chief advantage of having the engagement period?

 
 

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