1732441|173-244题中文翻译新版2

【shitiku.jxxyjl.com--GRE】

209 "Progress is best made through discussion among people who have contras ting points of view."

209． 在持不同意见的人们中展开讨论是进步的最佳方式。

210 "Most people choose a career on the basis of such pragmatic considerations as the needs of the economy, the relative ease of finding a job, and the salary they can expect to make. Hardly anyone is free to choose a career based on his or her natural talents or interest in a particular kind of work."

210． 大多数人找工作是基于实用性的考虑：经济需求、较易找到工作，希望拿到的薪水。很少有人自由地根据自己对某一份工作的才能和兴趣出发去选择职业。

211 "Any decision-whether made by government, by a corporation, or by an in dividual person-must take into account future conditions more than present conditions."

211． 一个决策，不管政府、企业抑或个人做出的，都应该考虑将来的情形多于目前的情形。

212 "If a goal is worthy, then any means taken to attain it is justifiable. "

212． 如果一个目标是值得的，那么追求目标的任何手段都是正当的。

213 "Too much emphasis has been placed on the need for students to challenge the assertions of others. In fact, the ability to compromise and work with others -- that is, the ability to achieve social harmony -- should be a major goal in every school."

213． 学校太强调教学生怎么质疑他人的主张。实际上，培养折衷和与他人合作的能力，也就是促进社会和谐的能力应该被作为每个学校的主要目标。

214 "Society should identify those children who have special talents and abilities and begin training them at an early age so that they can eventually excel in their areas of ability. Otherwise, these talents are likely to remain undeveloped."

214． 社会应该找出那些具有特殊天才和能力的孩子，并在小时候就训练他们，这样他们最终能在此领域表现出众，否则这些潜能可能得不到发展。

215 "The bombardment of visual images in contemporary society has the effect of making people less able to focus clearly and extensively on a single issue over a long period of time."

215． 当今社会视觉影像的爆炸使得人们不能长时间明确且全面地关注某一问题。

216 "Most important discoveries or creations are accidental: it is usually while seeking the answer to one question that we come across the answer to another."

216． 大多数重大发现和发明都是偶然的：通常情况下人们为了某个问题寻找答案，却在这一过程中找到了另一问题的答案。

217 "In order to produce successful original work, scholars and scientists must first study the successful work of others to learn what contributions remain to be made."

217． 为了取得成功的原创业绩，学者和科学家必须首先研究那些别人的成功业绩，然后确定还有那些领域存在研究价值。

218 "In order for any work of art -- whether film, literature, sculpture,or a song -- to have merit, it must be understandable to most people." 218． 艺术作品要有价值，不管是电影、文学还是歌曲，都必须让大多数人能够理解。

219 "Now that computer technology has made possible the rapid accessing of large amounts of factual information, people are less likely than ever to think deeply or originally. They feel unable to compete with -- much less contribute to -- the quantity of information that is now available electronically."

219． 现在计算机技术已经使快速地访问大量的信息成为可能，人们已经不像以前那样进行深入和有创造力地思考了。他们感觉无法，也没有意义去和现在可以电子化获取的信息量相比。

220 "The increase in knowledge is forcing people to specialize. As a result , the distance between fields of specialization has become so vast that specialists in different areas are rarely able to influence each other."

220． 知识增长迫使人们将其专业化。结果专业化领域间的跨度非常大，以至不同领域的专家彼此之间很少能够相互影响。

221 "The chief benefit of the study of history is to break down the illusion that people in one period of time are significantly different from people who lived at any other time in history."

221． 研究历史最明显的好处就是消除了这样的错觉，某个时代的人们与历史上另一个时代的人们有重大的差别。

222 "Learning for learning s sake is an outdated concept. Today, education must serve an ulterior purpose and be directed toward clear goals."

222． 为了学习而学习已经是过时的理念。现在的教育必须是面向未来并且有明确的目标。

223 "Education is primarily a personal matter; it has little to do with school or college."

223． 教育主要是个人的事情，与学校或者大学基本没有关系。

224. "Censorship is rarely, if ever, justified."

224． 审查制度很少被证明是正当的。

225. "People often look for similarities, even between very different things , and even when it is unhelpful or harmful to do so. Instead, a thing should be considered on its own terms; we should avoid the tendency to compare it to something else."

225． 人们经常寻找相似处，不管两个事物有多么不同，即便这样做没有意义或是有害的。我们应该就事论事，避免把它拿去和其他事物比较。

226 "People are mistaken when they assume that the problems they confront are more complex and challenging than the problems faced by their predecessors. This illusion is eventually dispelled with increased knowledge and experience."

226． 人们错误地认为他们碰到的问题要比他们前辈碰到的问题更复杂、更具挑战性。这个错觉最终会随着知识和经验的积累消除。

227 "To remain vigorous, any academic field needs to be led by truly independent thinkers who are willing to ignore established boundaries and challenge long-standing assumptions."

227． 为了保持活力，任何学术领域都需要由真正独立的思想者领导，这些人无视传统的束缚，敢于挑战根深蒂固的思想。

228 "The best way to teach -- whether as an educator, employer, or parent -- is to praise positive actions and ignore negative ones."

228． 最佳教育方式，不管是作为一个教育工作者、雇主还是父母，都是表扬积极的行为，忽略负面的行为。

229 "The best way to learn a new subject or skill is to study small segments or details in great depth rather than to start by trying to develop asense of the whole."

229． 学习新学科或技能的最佳方式是深入研究小片断或细节，而不是一开始就试图获取整体的认识。

230 "College students -- and people in general -- prefer to follow directions rather than make their own decisions. Therefore, colleges should eliminate as many choices as possible in order to offer students clear direction."

230． 大学生－还有普通人－都更喜欢跟从指导，而不是做出自己的决定。因此，大学应该尽可能让学生少做选择，给学生提供明确的方向。

231 " Moderation in all things is ill-considered advice. Rather, one should say, Moderation in most things, since many areas of human concern require or at least profit from intense focus."

231． “对所有事情适度”是不正确的建议。而应是“对大多数事情要适度。”因为人们从事的许多领域需要或者至少得益于执着。（这里的适度类似中庸）

232 "The purpose of education should be to create an academic environment that is separate from the outside world. This kind of environment is ideal because it allows students to focus on important ideas without being held back by practical concerns."

232． 教育的目的应该是建立一个与世隔离的学术环境。这种环境是很理想的，因为这样学生们就可以不被日常事务牵扯精力而专注地研究重要问题。

233 "Although innovations such as video, computers, and the Internet seem to offer schools improved methods for instructing students, these technologies all too often distract from real learning."

233． 尽管技术创新，如录像机、计算机以及因特网看似改善了学校的教学方式，但这些技术时常分散真实的学习。

234．"Most people prefer restrictions and regulations to absolute freedom of choice, although they would probably deny such a preference."

234．大多数人更倾向于限制与规则，而不是绝对的自由，虽然他们可能会否认这一点。

235．"Most people are taught that loyalty is a virtue. But loyalty—whether to one s friends, to one s school or place of employment, or to any institution —is all too often a destructive rather than a positive force."

235．大多数人被教育说忠诚是一种美德。但是，忠诚－无论对于朋友、学校、受雇公司或任何机构来说，经常都是一种有害而非积极的力量。

236．"Encouraging young people to believe that they can accomplish great things
if they try hard enough is both misleading and potentially harmful."

236．鼓励年轻人相信如果他们足够努力就能成就伟大的事业，不仅是误导而且可能是有害的。

237．"Computers and video technology can make facsimiles of original works such as paintings and historical documents available to everyone. The great advantage of this new technology is that it will enable anyone—not just scholars—to conduct in-depth research without having access to the original works."

237．计算机以及视频技术可以制作原件的复制品，使得普通人都能接触到绘画或历史文件，此新技术的巨大优点在于它使得每一个人－而不只是学者－能够不接触原件而进行深入的研究。

238．"Conformity almost always leads to a deadening of individual creativity and energy."
238．一致性几乎总是压抑个性化创造和活力。

239．"Much of the information that people assume is factual actually turns out to be inaccurate. Thus, any piece of information referred to as a fact should be mistrusted since it may well be proven false in the future."

239．许多人们认为“真实”的信息结果是不准确的。因此，对任何被称为“事实”的信息都应该此怀疑态度，因为很有可能它将来被证实是虚假的。

240．"Although it is easy to respond positively to the work of another person or group, it is far more worthwhile to give negative feedback."

240．虽然很容易对他人和团体的工作给出肯定的反馈，但是给出否定的反馈更有价值。

241．"An individual s greatness cannot be judged objectively by his or her contemporaries; the most objective evaluators of a person s greatness are people who belong to a later time."
241．个体的伟大成就不能由同时代的人来评判；对于成就最客观的评价者是后来人。

242. "Societies should try to save every plant and animal species, regardless of
the expense to humans in effort, time, and financial well-being."

242．社会应尽力挽救每一动植物物种，不管花费多少人力、时间和财力。

243．"The true value of a civilization is reflected in its artistic creations rather than in its scientific accomplishments."

243． 文明真正的价值反映在它的艺术创作上，而不是科学成就上。

244 "Most societies do not take their greatest thinkers seriously, even when they claim to admire them."

244． 大多数社会并不重视伟大的思想家，即使社会宣称景仰这些思想家。

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